Category: Social Resources

  • Trans Mythbusters: 5 Common Myths about Transgender People

    Trans Mythbusters: 5 Common Myths about Transgender People

    I was 14 when I realized I was transgender, back in the year 2014. Not much later, to my dismay, Caitlyn Jenner came out to the world – her novel identity fascinated the world, and that extended to my hometown in rural America. Suddenly, peers at school were talking about what they supposedly knew about transgender people, and my parents, who wouldn’t know I identified as trans for another year. 

    I’m well-versed in trans misinformation. Frankly, most transgender people are: it comes with being a marginalized person, expected to educate every single person you meet with unwavering patience. I don’t fault folks who get exhausted and frustrated after years of educating their friends, family, and strangers – that exhaustion led to the rise of Buzzfeed-like “Dear Cis People,” “100 Questions for White People,” and similar articles, videos, and posts during the 2010s that tried to rephrase that expectation. I always wondered when I would become frustrated and exhausted, likely to lash out like a stereotypical “blue-hair liberal.” Yet, eleven years later, I haven’t gotten to that point even though I’ve spent a decade in activism and educating cisgender people throughout those years. I can still manage patience, under one condition: I do not educate for bad faith. Many individuals purposely spread disinformation and “want to ask questions” to trans folks with the express purpose of being the Devil’s advocate. Those individuals are not open to actually learning and come with an agenda to demean or “convert” trans people. You cannot change them in one conversation, and they are not worth the effort. Anyone actually interested in understanding transness, that is not coming from a place of hatred, is worth teaching – even if they stumble on their journey.

    Today, there’s more disinformation online than misinformation. There is a semantic difference: misinformation is false info spread, regardless of whether the person sharing knows if it’s true or not, while disinformation is purposely shared with knowledge that the info is false. All disinformation is misinformation, but disinformation is more nefarious. A family relative who shares a misleading post on Facebook about transgender people might not know its facts are wrong – that’s misinformation. If that relative knows that the post is incorrect, it becomes disinformation. There’s another conversation to be had on how to correct people with misinformation, since people hate being told they’re wrong and take corrections as a personal attack. Misinformation wasn’t that big of a deal ten years ago when flat-earthers and autism moms against vaccines were laughingstocks.

    One of America’s two political parties has made misinformation an integral part of its platform and takes pride in “alternative media sources” that purposely lie. As a consequence, measles is back, polling officials get threats during election season for alleged fraud, and people won’t get a COVID vaccine because they heard it has a microchip in it. Lastly, the last election cycle gave certain social media platforms the notion that fact-checking is too political to enforce on their sites, so misinformation spreads faster than before.

    Misinformation is a big deal, and I don’t mean to be an alarmist. It truly holds the potential to cost human lives. We are more familiar with current events, such as the effects of misinformation about the COVID vaccine pushing more Americans to forgo the vaccination, leading to more immunocompromised people dying and more healthy Americans suffering from “long COVID.” Or, when Russia hacked American media during the past election cycles to spread disinformation and seat Republican candidates better suited to their interests.

    The fate of democracy and human health is a pretty big deal, but it can go even further. Back in the early 1900s, white supremacists played the long game on inciting genocide in Europe, leading to World War II and the Holocaust. For years, disinformation was created and spread to create a public notion that certain groups of people were deserving of imprisonment, torture, and death. A lot of people are scared right now because we’re seeing the beginning of something similar now – the Trump administration wants the public to believe that alleged illegal immigrants deserve to be deported without due process, which is integral in figuring out whether an accused person is actually illegal or an immigrant. If the general public is swayed into believing that is morally acceptable, worse practices can be instilled while it gets finalized into law.

    Myth #1: Transgender identity is a trend.

    Transgender people have existed in some form for a very, very long time. There are documented accounts of people identifying as transgender (or transsexual or as a transvestite, depending on the year) and medically transitioning with hormones and surgery from the early 1900s before either of the World Wars. Trans medical science was one of the top things targeted by the Nazi party in Germany when they purposely burned down the Institute of Sexual Research and forced researcher Magnus Hirschfeld to flee.

    Even before the 20th century, transgender people have always been around. If you look hard enough, you can find traces of gender-diverse people spanning centuries and Roman emperoress Elagabalus. Transness was only recently documented, and it’s only entered the public subconscious and mainstream in the past couple of decades. People claim the same about how many queer people exist today compared to fifty years ago, or how autism is supposedly on the rise. When identities are no longer criminalized and it becomes okay for people to publicly identify themselves, people incorrectly assume there’s an “explosion” of people suddenly queer, autistic, or transgender. The same belief was held on a sudden rise years ago of people identifying as left-handed or folks being diabetic. There was never a real increase, but there was a perceived explosion of left-handed individuals because they weren’t being burned at the stake for writing differently, and people were able to survive diabetes with the discovery of synthetic insulin, creating a “spike” of diabetic people.

    This myth is fairly easy to dispute, for now. In some countries, information is regulated: when governments censor topics in published books, movies, and content on the internet, it’s easy to convince people that transgender people don’t exist. We are not at that point yet in the United States, but the GOP does want to move towards that future, evidenced by forced removals of transgender people mentioned in history, research, and educational curricula. Thus, trans history matters.

    Myth #2: Transgender regret is common.

    Compared to other medical procedures, transgender services like hormone replacement therapy and surgery actually have astonishingly low regret rates. Every surgery has a regret rate, whether it’s from complications, lack of satisfaction, or another reason entirely. The average knee surgery has a regret rate upwards of 30%, breast implants maintain a regret rate of up to 47%, and successful pregnancies have a regret rate around 17%.

    Trans-affirming care has a regret rate less than  1%. To medically transition, transgender people have to jump through numerous hoops: informed consent is only applicable for hormone replacement therapy (not surgery), and many transgender people still face barriers with informed consent because their medical insurance or government health coverage requires additional proof of therapy letters and referrals to pay for services. Depending on where you live in the US, getting top surgery can range from a few months to multiple years, and that wait time increases with less-accessible bottom surgeries. Legal transition, or the process of changing one’s legal name and gender marker on government documents, takes considerable time, too.

    The reason transgender people have an astonishingly low regret rate is because of these hoops, but it also deters people from getting care when it could benefit them. Trans regret only gets media coverage because detransitioners become viral on the internet from their sob stories. It’s unfortunate when it actually happens, but stories from detransitioned folks of how they were tricked are made up: even in “fast” informed-consent, you have a barrage of questions to answer from doctors to access prescriptions, changes take weeks to show even minor things, and you have people with you throughout the process to check in. Despite this reality, the belief that medical professionals are diabolically trying to force people to be transgender gets clicks.

    Another way to think about trans regret and medical care is to compare it to other services. All procedures have risks and there can always be complications. Those risks are not worth denying the service as a whole. It’d be impossible to fathom a world where cancer treatments are banned because a small percentage of people have negative experiences on a life-saving treatment; the same should be applied to transgender procedures since they are documented as life-saving, too.

    Myth #3: Transgender people want to trick cisgender people.

    This myth has numerous layers, but at its core, it’s the insecure and paranoid belief that transgender people want to trick cisgender folks into having sex or that transgender people get some joy out of “tricking” people into perceiving us as our affirmed gender. Transgender people want to be respected as their authentic selves, but we don’t get joy from “tricking” others like our identity is a prank.

    Trans people tricking poor cisgender folks into having sex is a real problem – and it’s been used as the punchline trope in comedy for decades. It even has legal recognition in most states, referred to as “trans panic defenses,” where cisgender people accused of murdering a transgender person can legally claim they were so angry, upset, or shocked that someone was transgender that they just had to assault them. The legal procedure comes from the underlying fragility of cisgender people’s sexuality, since there’s nothing worse than being thought of as flirting (or worse) with a transgender person, and gives cis judges and juries a reason to excuse anti-transgender hate crimes.

    Disclosure is the process of telling a person that you’re transgender, and it’s a very personal decision that comes with inherent safety risks. Every trans person knows there is some risk in telling someone new, ranging from a new possible ally to a barrage of insults to even being hate-crimed. Some people prefer being out because they feel safe to do so, while others remain stealth – but not because they’re hoping to trick someone. 

    The transgender community advises sexually active folks to have that tough conversation with a prospective partner before you’re in the bedroom. Each person is different: a transgender woman who has had bottom surgery might not need to disclose her transgender status during a one-night stand because there’s nothing actually distinguishing her from other women compared to the safety risk of telling a stranger that you’re trans; a transgender man might feel inclined to tell a women he’s been seeing that he’s trans because aspects of his transness could affect their potential future together.

    Cisgender people get frustrated about disclosure: they feel entitled to know whether someone is transgender. Some cis folks believe they “always know” when someone is trans, too. Yes, it is ideal for transgender people to be open about their identities, but cisgender people cannot be entitled to that knowledge as long as we exist in a society that is dangerous to live in. In comparison, there are so many other things you might want to know when having a one-night stand or going on a date with someone, like whether they’re infertile, if they have a stable job, if they have a disability, or already have children. But we all understand we are not entitled to automatically get that knowledge, and it completely upends how humans socially interact with each other via the social script.

    On the other end of the spectrum, there is a community of cisgender folks who want to have sex with trans individuals because they fetishize us as a kink. Chasers (or “admirers,” as they call themselves) actively seek us out for sex. Any porn website will have a transgender category. Trans-specific dating apps exist purely for chasers’ convenience. We do not need to “trick” cisgender people into having sex with us. Should transgender people like chasers? That’s another topic for a different post – the ultimate point is no, we don’t trick cisgender people.

    Because of the above, there is actually a subsection of the transgender community that identifies as T4T, or “trans for trans.” These trans folks only date other transgender people – but unlike chasers, they do so because they feel safer and better understood by other transgender people. We don’t have to explain our transness or the complications of gender theory to another transgender person to feel heard; we don’t have to fear that they might believe we’re going to hell for being trans or go into a violent rage because of who we are.

    Myth #4: Transgender people are sexually aroused by their bodies. / Transgender people hate their bodies.

    I combined two common myths for this one because both relate to how cisgender people fail to empathize with trans experiences. The first part, or the belief that all transgender people get turned on by their bodies, relates to Freudian-era pseudoscience and confusing transvestites with transgender people.

    There are individuals who are sexually aroused by their bodies: the scientific terms are autogynephilia and autoandrophilia. But unlike transvestites, transgender people do not transition because they seek sexual pleasure. Generally, transvestites just stop at crossdressing (aka not continuing transition by seeking hormones or surgery) because they don’t actually want to identify as another gender. Yet transvestites were infinitely more interesting to research during the early years of sexology, so research papers were written for years with this base assumption that transgender people transition out of kink.

    Are transgender people allowed to be sexually aroused by their bodies? Cisgender people are allowed to feel confident or sexy when looking at themselves in the mirror. It would be hypocritical to say transgender people do not deserve that same right. To feel comfortable in our bodies, that includes having the capacity to feel sexual in them, too. But that’s more a philosophical question outside of the realm of this myth.

    The second part, or that transgender people must hate their bodies, also dates back to early research on transgender people. Cisgender people have always struggled to grasp what causes a person to want to be a different gender – very few cis people think critically about their relationship with their sex assigned at birth, so gender isn’t something they’ve really considered. To rebel against their natural worldview, they believe transgender people must hate their bodies – anything else wouldn’t make sense.

    These assumptions permeated the very beginning of transgender researchers, and even trans-friendly providers held these stereotypes. It became quickly obvious that to transition socially, medically, or legally, transgender people had to adhere to these stereotypes since cisgender people held the power to prescribe medicine or affirm legal changes that transgender folks did not. To allow trans people to transition, doctors wanted them to fit their rigid boxes of what they believed transness to be – and that always included the stereotype that transgender people absolutely hate their biological bodies.

    Today, there’s a decent understanding within the scientific community that transgender identity does not come from a hatred of one’s body but rather a disconnect between one’s internal versus outward gender. That disconnect can include feelings of hatred, but it doesn’t have to. The term “gender dysphoria” refers to that disconnect, ranging in feeling just uncomfortable to more extreme disgust or hatred. There is also a community of individuals promoting the idea that gender euphoria is just as important as gender dysphoria when discussing the need for transition – transgender people should not be expected to hate themselves. To be happy and fulfilled people, we need to be allowed to feel content in our bodies.

    Myth #5: Transgender people want to dominate in sports, prisons, schools, etc.

    Transgender people make a small fraction of the general population, but the media is obsessed with focusing on the one or two individuals who participate in competitive sports. Regarding adult sports, there are two things to keep in mind: transitioned adults have been proven to have no scientific advantage in athletics, and even if they did have an advantage, that’s the point of competitive sports.

    We aren’t asking for unlimited access to dominate sports, we want the right to play fairly as ourselves. Until the past year or so, transgender people have been playing small roles within sports without issue: most leagues have written rules on how transgender people may participate, which usually requires two to three years of documented hormone replacement therapy. HRT is the key factor on supposed “advantages,” since hormones dictate muscle growth, strength, and stamina in all human bodies. A transgender woman who has been on prescribed estrogen for five years has no biological advantage over a cisgender woman – and quite frankly, cisgender women do hold an advantage if they compete with naturally high testosterone or a hormone disorder. Other aspects of transition, like surgery or legal status, have zero bearing on competitive performance.

    For emphasis, transgender people have been officially allowed to compete in the Olympics since 2004. The exact rules have varied, but the general consensus to be allowed to participate is hormone replacement therapy. And the standards used by the Olympics are used in countless other sports and minor leagues.

    Some folks might still get up in arms about other “advantages” transgender may have, but none of them warrant barring a group of people from fair play. A transgender woman who is six foot might have an advantage at basketball, but so does a cisgender woman who is also six foot. It’s those small advantages that drive people to play sports based on what they’re good at. It’s the nature of competition and sports. Getting up in arms about bone structure or child socialization is just as nonsensical as barring people based on race, ethnicity, disability, and even class.

    This myth is more ludicrous in school settings. It’s difficult to argue against the benefits of school sports: they provide exercise while giving youth crucial team building skills while they socialize in a structured setting. But due to the stigma transgender people automatically get from participating in sports, very few of us do – and even fewer participate in school sports. Even in the most liberal states, transgender students still have to adhere to established protocols, which almost always relate to documented hormone replacement therapy. Out of the thousands of students that participate in school sports each here, only one or two of them identify as transgender. If they’re playing by the rules, it’s hardly fair to ban them based on identity alone.

    Lastly, transgender people don’t go to prison to use taxpayer dollars for gender-affirming care. It’s way easier to transition beyond prison, and the dangers transgender people are exposed to in prison are never worth it: compared to cisgender adults, transgender people are roughly 10 times more likely to be assaulted by both fellow prisoners and prison staff. Most transgender people are forcibly detransitioned while incarcerated, so the reality is closer to transgender people asking if they can access or continue medical care while incarcerated.

  • Transgender Resources

    Transgender Resources

    Looking for resources to better support yourself or a trans loved one? Everyone deserves to lead happy, healthy, and fulfilling lives.

    Author’s Note: This list is not comprehensive – future blog posts will have details on trans resources not included in this article, which serves as a basic intro to trans resources and information. Also, some legal rights and resources contained in this post may change due to the hostile political environment regarding trans lives.


    Get Help Now: Crisis Resources

    If you are thinking about harming yourself or others, please get immediate support. The National Suicide Prevention Hotline has call, text, and online chat options available for free confidential support 24/7/365 for anyone in crisis.

    I’ve previously mentioned various hotlines and mental health resources, outlining how to navigate counseling, support groups, and telehealth options. Remember that anyone can and should use hotline services – there’s no minimum level of “crisis” you have to have to call, and you’re never wasting their time by doing so.

    One of the leading factors that pushes people towards crisis is homelessness, another topic I’ve recently touched on. Read that article for the basics on homelessness, emergency shelter options, transitional spaces, and various programs and organizations out there that support homeless folks. Likewise, this post has details on resources for domestic and sexual violence support.

    LGBTQIA+ people, and especially transgender and nonbinary individuals, are more likely to become homeless than cisgender heterosexual folks. Queer individuals have less family support than others due to anti-LGBTQIA+ hostility, so they have limited options for doubling up and staying with family during housing instability. Despite sexual orientation and gender identity being included in discrimination protections under federal laws like the Fair Housing Act, queer people are still turned away from potential landlords and houses unless they have the financial means to fight for their legal rights. Due to these factors, queer and transgender people are more prone to engage in survival sex and sex work as a way to find shelter when employment and traditional services are restricted. While homelessness is a crisis of its own, being unhoused individuals are exceedingly likely to experience other crises.

    Even homeless shelters are not necessarily safe for LGBTQIA+ people – most shelters in the United States stem from religious charity work that eventually evolved into the modern nonprofit industry that exists today. It’s not exactly uncommon for homeless transgender people to feel unsafe while trying to get help from shelters that discriminate on their gender identity, using gendered binary shelters to designate their arrangements regardless of their gender identity. When shelters require ID, LGBTQIA+ people risk discrimination when gender identity and expression don’t fit their ID or legal name. The best way to combat anti-LGBTQIA+ discrimination is to report an official complaint with the US Department of Housing and Urban Development, which can be filed online, over the phone, or by mail. LGBTQIA+ community centers and organizations local to your area can also be helpful in advocating for your rights.

    Unfortunately, there aren’t any comprehensive national directories of LGBTQIA+-friendly homeless shelters. Instead, it’s best advised to look at the reviews of local shelters and ask community members in your region whether they’re affirming of queer and transgender people. Ultimately, the best way to determine whether a homeless shelter or program is LGBTQIA+-inclusive is by calling them directly and asking about their policies. Trans Lifeline cites giving direct support in calling homeless shelters in this manner on behalf of transgender callers for free in the United States.

    My previous hotline post covers major LGBTQIA+ hotlines around the world – none of them discriminate based on gender identity, and transgender crisis support is a key aspect of their work. The following hotlines are a condensed LGBTQIA+ version of that post with only national US listings, although many major cities have regional LGBTQIA+ hotlines available in addition to those below.

    • DEQH provides free confidential counseling to LGBTQIA+ South Asians through trained peer support volunteers. DeQH is the first and only national queer Desi helpline and serves anyone from the South Asian diaspora. They are only available to take telephone calls on Thursday and Sunday evenings, although they can be reached during the week through their online contact form for a reply.
    • Fenway Health is an LGBTQIA+ healthcare, research, and advocacy organization that also provides free information and referrals for LGBTQIA+ issues, harassment, and violence. Both of their helplines are available during select evening hours from Monday to Saturday: the Fenway LGBT Helpline for individuals ages 25 and older can be reached at 617-267-9001, while the Peer Listening Line for those ages 25 and under can be called at 617-267-2535.
    • LGBT National Help Center is one of the largest warmlines for the general LGBTQIA+ community in the United States, which provides free professional counseling Monday through Saturday. The LGBT National Hotline is available at 888-843-4564; the LGBT National Youth Talkline can be reached at 800-246-743; the LGBT National Senior Hotline is listed at 888-234-7243 for folks ages 50 and older; and the National Coming Out Support Hotline is available at 888-688-5428. Additionally, weekly moderated youth chat rooms are hosted for individuals ages 19 and under and all services can be also reached through their online peer support chat.
    • LGBT Switchboard of New York is recognized as the oldest LGBTQIA+ hotline in the world and provides free peer support Monday through Saturday. Despite their name, the LGBT Switchboard of New York offers support, care, resources, and information to anyone regardless of where they live by calling 212-989-0999 – including outside of New York and the United States.
    • MASGD, or the Muslim Alliance for Sexual and Gender Diversity, operates the Inara Helpline every Friday and Saturday evening for LGBTQIA+ people who identify or are perceived as Muslim. The MASGD Inara Helpline can be reached by calling 717-864-6272.
    • National Suicide Prevention Lifeline, or the 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline, is the largest mental health and crisis hotline in the United States. Using support from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 988 routes callers to licensed mental health services based on their location to provide 24/7/365 services by calling the general 988 number. The Lifeline is fully accessible in English, Spanish, and American Sign Language (ASL) and also provides services via text/SMS and online chat.
      • For specifically LGBTQIA+-trained counselors, individuals should press 3 after dialing 988, texting “PRIDE” to 988, or checking the relevant box for LGBTQIA+ support when completing the pre-chat online survey.
    • SAGE x HearMe is a collaborative project between SAGE, the nation’s largest organization for LGBTQIA+ elders, and HearMe to modernize the national queer senior hotline. SAGE x HearMe operates a mobile app that users can reach anonymously 24/7 to find instant support.
    • SGR Hotline, or the Sex, Gender, and Relationships Hotline that spun from the LGBTQIA+ Switchboard of San Francisco, provides free confidential counseling on STDs, HIV, pregnancy, birth control, gender identity, sexuality, kinks, sex work, anatomy, and more. Their number at 415-989-7374 is available for callers Monday through Friday.
    • The Network/La Red is a survivor-led organization that focuses on LGBTQIA+ partner abuse, as well as abuse in kink and polyamorous communities. Their free 24-hour hotline can be fully used by both English and Spanish speakers by calling 800-832-1901 (toll-free) or 617-742-4911 (voice).
    • The Trevor Project is the primary crisis organization for LGBTQIA+ youth in the United States between the ages of 13 to 24. Their services are available 24/7/365 in collaboration with the 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline: The Trevor Project can be reached by phone at 866-488-7386, text/SMS at 678-678, and online chat. TrevorSpace is a moderated online forum available at any time.
    • Trans Lifeline is a peer support hotline run by trained transgender volunteers for trans, nonbinary, and questioning folks in need of support. Services are fully anonymous, confidential, and do not engage in non-consensual active rescue every Monday through Friday.
    • THRIVE (Thriving Harnesses Respect, Inclusion, and Vested Empathy) is a text-based crisis line staffed by trained professionals with marginalized identities, catering to people of color, LGBTQIA+ individuals, disabled people, and other vulnerable people. The text/SMS line is available 24/7/365 by texting “THRIVE” to 313-662-8209.

    Trans Rights & Me: Legal Resources

    The best source for legal information and steps to update legal names and gender markers on identity documents (such as state IDs, driver’s licenses, birth certificates, passports, social security, selective service, and immigration documents) is Advocates for Trans Equality. Their ID Document Center is a one-stop online hub for transgender folks looking to update their information and is the most current national directory of related resources.

    The ability to change one’s legal name or gender marker varies by state – so while it may be easy to update identity documents for individuals who were born in California or Oregon, it’s prohibited elsewhere in the country. Federal documents, like passports, can have their gender marker updated despite state law – although this may change due to the current administration.


    Get Help: Transgender Legal Organizations

    Advocates for Trans Equality operates its Impact Litigation Program to take on a small number of court opportunities each year to establish trans-affirming precedents in the law through the work of the Transgender Legal Defense and Education Fund. Their Trans Legal Services Network represents over 80 organizations throughout the United States that provide legal services to transgender people local to their area.

    American Civil Liberties Union is one of the primary human rights organizations in the United States that has fought for individual rights and freedoms since 1920. The ACLU operates chapters in each US state to handle court opportunities and case litigation – individuals should contact their local ACLU chapter for legal assistance. In addition, the ACLU also maintains comprehensive legal resource guides on a variety of topics such as LGBTQIA+ rights, disability, religious freedom, criminal law, racial justice, HIV, reproductive freedom, voting, immigration, free speech, etc.

    Black & Pink is an LGBTQIA+ prison abolitionist organization with multiple programs aimed to resettle queer and transgender individuals through transitional housing and opportunities.

    Equality Federation is a non-partisan lobby and LGBTQIA+ policy organization that pursues pro-equality legislation throughout the United States. Their legislation trackers include current information on both positive and negative trans-related bills among other queer issues.

    Gay and Lesbian Advocates and Defenders is a national litigation organization that takes on several LGBTQIA+ cases to advance queer and transgender rights throughout the country. They also operate their own Transgender ID Project, although it is more limited than A4TE’s. Unlike A4TE, GLAD has a public online contact form for free and confidential legal information, assistance, and referrals.

    Gay, Lesbian, and Straight Education Network, or GLSEN, is an education organization that provides support to LGBTQIA+ public students and educators. The GLSEN Navigator directs online users to the most appropriate GLSEN branch/chapter near them and also provides information on local laws, protections, and research. The Public Policy Office also serves as a hub for legal protections and information about previous court cases GLSEN has provided assistance and litigation for.

    GLAAD is an American media and legislation nonprofit that serves to create better representation and visibility for LGBTQIA+ in entertainment. The GLAAD Accountability Project provides public information GLAAD collects by monitoring and documenting high-profile figures and groups that use their platforms to spread misinformation and false rhetoric about LGBTQIA+ communities.

    Human Rights Campaign is the largest LGBTQIA+ lobbying organization in the United States, which monitors and documents LGBTQIA+ policies in all US states, major cities, and large companies.

    Immigration Equality is America’s leading LGBTQIA+ and HIV-positive immigrant rights organization, providing expert guidance on queer and transgender immigration legal policy while also using impact litigation to advance LGBTQIA+ and immigration rights through far-reaching court cases.

    International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, and Intersex Association is a federation of 2,000 organizations in over 160 countries around the world dedicated to promoting LGBTQIA+ rights alongside the United Nations. Through their networks, ILGA brings international attention to human rights violations to the UN and media.

    interACT is an intersex rights organization centered on youth empowerment, which employs full-time lawyers to fight for intersex bodily autonomy in the United States.

    Lambda Legal is a litigation organization that represents the interests of LGBTQIA+ people in the United States alongside the ACLU and GLAD. Like GLAD, Lambda Legal operates a Help Desk to provide general legal information and resources – although their assistance is not legal advice to the same level as GLAD.

    Modern Military Association of America, formerly known as the Servicemembers Legal Defense Network, is the largest LGBTQIA+ military organization in the nation and provides a variety of services, including case litigation and LGBTQIA+-related discrimination assistance.

    National Black Justice Coalition is the leading civil rights organization for LGBTQIA+ Black Americans, offering toolkits and resources in addition to legislation lobbying in favor of pro-equality bills for queer and transgender rights.

    National Center for Lesbian Rights is a civil and human rights organization that supports the rights of all LGBTQIA+ people. Despite their name, the NCLR advocates for all queer and transgender rights through litigation, policy, and public education. They also operate a free legal helpline, available at 800-528-6257 and 415-392-6257.

    National Gay and Lesbian Task Force is the oldest national LGBTQIA+ rights organization in the United States that collaborates with over 400 organizations in federal policy advocacy to organize census and voting campaigns through FedWatch.

    NMAC, or the National Minority AIDS Council, leads HIV policy and legislation related to communities of color in the United States. Their Advocacy 101 section guides users to become politically active and involved in local legislation with their elected representatives.

    Outright Action International is an advocacy organization dedicated to LGBTQIA+ human rights around the world that works with the United Nations to develop global programs and initiatives towards creating a safer world for queer and transgender folks.

    Pride Law Fund is a funding service that sponsors legal projects, services, education, and outreach that promote LGBTQIA+ people and individuals living with HIV.

    Sylvia Rivera Law Project is a collective that increases the political voice and visibility of low-income people and people of color who are transgender, nonbinary, intersex, or gender-nonconforming. SRLP’s programs and legal assistance are geared towards transgender people who are at risk of homelessness, have criminal records, or are immigrants.

    Transgender Law Center provides impact litigation on select court cases to advance transgender rights in the United States. TLC also provides basic information about laws and policies through their Legal Help Desk, although they do not take on individual cases through the Desk.

    Trans Legislation Tracker is an independent research organization that tracks bills related to transgender and nonbinary people in the United States through the work of academics and journalists who publish the Trans Legislation Tracker’s data.

    Looking for more information about legal issues, information, and rights? This resource post can guide you through the basics of legal jargon, rights, important court cases, and general resources. Advocates for Trans Equality also has an extensive database of trans-related protections and laws. Both the Movement Advancement Project and Erin in the Morning have up-to-date maps on LGBTQIA+ laws.


    Healthcare is a Human Right

    Looking for general healthcare resources? This post outlines what medical care is, how to navigate healthcare insurance, and general resources/programs.

    Coverage of gender-affirming care by state government healthcare programs like Medicaid and CHIP varies by state, although the Affordable Care Act prohibits discrimination based on gender identity – which has been further backed by federal courts. This means that all state Medicaid programs have to provide general and gender-affirming healthcare, but each state is allowed to impose specific guidelines or restrictions on having that care paid by Medicaid similar to commercial insurance policies. While some transition-related care can be denied on a case-by-case basis, it has been established that “blanket bans” on transgender care is discriminatory and illegal. However, it’s worth noting that Medicaid access is not equal throughout the United States – 10 states completely deny Medicaid to single adults without children or disabilities. The Movement Advancement Project has an up-to-date map of current Medicaid policies by state and whether gender-affirming care is protected or excluded. A4TE has a directory of Medicaid policies.

    On January 28th, 2025, President Donald Trump signed the executive order “Protecting Children from Chemical and Surgical Mutilation.” While executive orders often carry the power of federal law, they do not override the US Constitution, federal statutes and laws, or established legal precedent – nor do they have the longevity of passed laws. The order bans gender-affirming care being covered by state Medicaid programs for anyone under the age of 19, including puberty blockers and hormone replacement therapy.

    Federal programs vary, and their consistency is subject to the current presidential administration. Medicare currently covers medically necessary gender-affirming care, which includes hormone replacement therapy, surgery, and related consultations – these are listed under Medicare Part D and should be fully covered when prescribed. Indian Health Services (IHS), which covers Native Americans recognized in federally recognized tribes, implies that gender-affirming care is covered by their programs – although there is less explicit guidance of this practice online. TRICARE, the primary healthcare coverage for active service members and their families, only covers select parts of gender-affirming care like HRT – although this is extremely likely to change in 2025 under the new presidential administration and TRICARE will likely deny all gender-affirming coverage in the event transgender people are banned from military service again. This is similar to coverage provided by the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), which still only covers some transition-related medical care despite early promises made by the Biden administration to lift the bans imposed by Trump’s first administration. Finally, while all incarcerated individuals are entitled to medical care as determined by Estelle v. Gamble, there is no minimum quality of healthcare required as long as the prison offers any form of medical care – and that care does not have to be free, despite popular belief. While gender-affirming care is considered necessary and intentional barriers are seen as a violation of the Eighth Amendment, it is difficult for transgender prisoners to fight for their medical rights while incarcerated. American prisons are not required to be accredited, although one of the main accrediting bodies – the National Commission on Correctional Health Care – supports gender-affirming care for incarcerated individuals. In other words, gender-affirming care for incarcerated transgender people varies drastically based on the facility they are at.

    The Trans Health Project, an initiative through Advocates for Trans Equality, is the primary resource for understanding and navigating healthcare insurance and gender-affirming care in the United States as a transgender person. The site guides users through the process of applying for commercial healthcare, understanding their coverage, and navigating the laws in their state. Half of US states explicitly prohibit health insurance companies from excluding transgender-related services, while the other half of the country has no regulations on what services commercial insurance can prohibit.

    Most healthcare insurance programs, regardless of whether they are commercial or government-based, have requirements before gender-affirming care can be covered. Reputable programs will base their requirements on WPATH, or the World Professional Association for Transgender Health, which has held the standard for ethical transgender healthcare since 1979. The Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People is used as the international standard for transgender healthcare similar to how the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) is the standard used for mental health treatments. WPATH and the SOC have clearly stated that gender-affirming care such as hormone replacement therapy and gender confirmation surgery is the best practice based on scientific research for decades. As such, insurance plans and programs use WPATH and SOC guidelines to require transgender people to have “persistent, well-documented gender dysphoria,” the ability to make a fully informed consent, and a set amount of counseling with a mental health professional to receive a medical necessity letter to submit for insurance coverage. A4TE also provides a free template for users to appeal insurance denials of gender-affirming care. Transgender adults have the option to pursue gender-affirming care out-of-pocket to bypass the restrictions imposed by insurance coverage programs – which is covered in financial resources later in this article.

    There are additional restrictions for transgender minors, which is a hot topic in current politics during this heightened war on transgender rights. In states where minors are allowed gender-affirming care like puberty blockers, hormone replacement therapy, or surgery, there are additional requirements and consent must be given by the minor’s parents or legal caregivers. There are currently six states that make it a felony crime to provide gender-affirming care to transgender minors: Oklahoma, Florida, Alabama, South Carolina, Idaho, and North Dakota.

    How to Find Gender-Affirming Care

    Just like other medical fields, gender-affirming care can be done in-person or through telehealth – in-person providers are more often covered by healthcare programs, but can be more difficult to access than telehealth.

    Will gender-affirming care be banned? The current political distribution of Congress, the President, and the Supreme Court has many transgender people rightfully anxious about the future of their care – especially since the GOP has declared war on “transgenderism.”

    It’s not impossible – I’m not going to lie to you. There *is* a worst-case scenario out there where transgender people of all ages are denied gender-affirming care and we are given the options to forcibly detransition, become refugees and leave the United States, seek care illegally, or die. However, this scenario is unlikely. The American public has complicated views on transgender topics, but the majority believes that transgender people should have additional rights to protect them from discrimination. The last two elections have shown that American voters are not nearly as gung ho about erasing transgender rights as the GOP is hedging their bets on – which is what ultimately lost the GOP their “red wave” in 2022. While the upcoming years will be rough, we just have to survive two years before Congress can swing back blue – assuming that Democrats have given up claiming they lost the 2024 election due to being “too woke.”

    So what’s realistic? Within the next two years, I can easily see Medicaid no longer being able to cover gender-affirming care like hormone replacement therapy or surgery – although any decision to do so would immediately end up in court since it would violate the Affordable Care Act. On the other hand, that’s likely something the anti-trans GOP wants since they want to eliminate the Affordable Care Act and give in to the commercial healthcare industry’s demands. It is something that would rely on Trump – likely an executive order that bars federal funding from any healthcare provider that performs gender-affirming care. While the GOP has a majority in Congress, their majority is extremely slim and fragile due to their own infighting so any massive bill is improbable unless Democrats fold on LGBTQIA+ rights. Don’t get me wrong – that’s no small thing. Medicaid is used by millions of Americans, including myself, but it would be survivable with enough resourcefulness. Out-of-pocket expenses would increase for transgender folks and we would be more likely to rely on older methods of self-prescribed gender-affirming care before the wide access to providers. However, it would be survivable – especially with the likely increase in mutual aid, donations, fundraising, and international support that would come with such a decision. I don’t think it’s realistic that the act of prescribing gender-affirming care to adults will be nationally criminalized or prohibited, as I described in the above worst-case scenario.

    IN-PERSON PROVIDERS

    The OutList Provider Directory is a free resource through OutCare, a nonprofit health organization that advocates for comprehensive LGBTQIA+ health. The directory provides information about providers from all fields – including HRT and surgery. For best results, search by tag (“gender-affirming medical care” pulls a good number of results) rather than specialties. Other directories also exist, such as Rad Remedy and MyTransHealth, although these other independent projects have not survived the pandemic as well as OutList.

    In a similar vein, TransLine is an information and medical consultation service that explains various gender-affirming techniques like HRT and surgery and includes many of the billing codes that providers have to use for care to be covered by healthcare insurance.

    Both WPATH and the Gay and Lesbian Medical Association (GLMA) have online directories of healthcare providers that are listed with them. Out of the two, GLMA’s directory is extensively better since its LGBTQ+ Healthcare Directory is larger and more user-friendly. Similarly, TransHealthCare provides information about transgender-specific surgeons in a more user-friendly format than WPATH. While not necessarily listed in the above directories, Planned Parenthood is one of the largest gender-affirming care providers in the US since most of their local health centers provide HRT and puberty blockers in addition to their other services like STD treatment and abortions. Planned Parenthood didn’t used to provide HRT as widely as now before the rise of anti-transgender legislation – although now it’s a focal point and cornerstone of their mission to provide equitable healthcare.

    TELEHEALTH PROVIDERS

    During the COVID-19 pandemic, an influx of telehealth created a wealth of transgender healthcare accessibility. There are a number of virtual HRT providers that prescribe gender-affirming care.

    An important note on gender-affirming telehealth: HRT through telehealth may soon no longer be an option for transmasculine people seeking testosterone. Due to its history of being abused by predominantly cisgender men, testosterone is a highly classified drug compared to the treatment prescribed to transfeminine folks. Even though more than just transgender men use testosterone, COVID-19 opened the doors for testosterone to finally be able to be prescribed (temporarily) through telehealth for transmasculine people. However, in the years following the pandemic, the FDA and state governments have been attempting to shut down the prescription of testosterone through telehealth despite the well-documented benefits of telehealth for transgender communities during this turbulent political time.

    Most major cities have gender clinics (described below in informed consent options), which almost always give telehealth options when available. Additionally, Planned Parenthood has telehealth options available for their services like gender-affirming care. The following are the largest purely telehealth HRT providers in the United States.

    • QueerDoc is the oldest large-scale HRT telehealth provider, although they’re smaller than the following two options. They operate in Alaska, California, Florida, Hawaii, Idaho, Oregon, Montana, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. They don’t accept insurance, but they offer a sliding scale since you’ll be paying out-of-pocket. Compared to FOLX and Plume, QueerDoc is a worse choice due to the pricing but without QueerDoc, there wouldn’t be a FOLX or Plume.
    • FOLX Health was started a year after QueerDoc and is the largest telehealth option between themselves, QueerDoc, and Plume. FOLX accepts a number of insurance plans to cover their monthly membership fees, copays, medications, and labs. Since FOLX is large enough to have in-person facilities in major cities, FOLX is available in all states – including ones that are banning trans telehealth like Florida. Unfortunately, neither FOLX or Plume are available for minors to use – you have to be at least 18 in most states to use either service, although a few states have an even higher age requirement of 20.
    • Plume is the youngest of the three main telehealth options and accepts a range of insurance plans. Plume requires a monthly membership to access their providers, which can be covered by insurance plans alongside the copay required for appointments. Unlike QueerDoc, Plume operates as a telehealth provider in nearly the entire US with limited exceptions in states like Florida that are currently banning transgender-related telehealth.

    INFORMED CONSENT

    Gender clinics refer to medical centers that specialize in transgender-related care – they were especially popular during the 1960s and 1970s and have made a modern resurgence due to the widespread medical consensus that gender-affirming care is the most appropriate treatment for gender dysphoria. These organizations often use informed consent, a process where hormone replacement therapy (or any other treatment) is prescribed to a patient after discussing the potential risks and benefits of HRT and the patient has signed a legal agreement stating they understand and fully consent to the treatment. Compared to traditional routes of pursuing gender-affirming care, informed consent is much faster – after a couple of consultations with a provider, you can physically have your prescribed medication in a couple of weeks. Informed consent allows transgender adults to make their own decisions about their bodies when given complete and accurate information about HRT.

    While A4TE has a list of gender centers, I actually recommend Erin in the Morning’s collection. A4TE’s list is limited to facilities associated with research institutions, teaching hospitals, and academic settings – which are more likely to provide care to transgender minors, but woefully incomplete since thousands of informed consent clinics are community health based and not academic (including Planned Parenthood).

    LETTER OF NECESSITY

    Outside of gender clinics, traditional healthcare providers like most of those listed in directories like OutList will require a letter before they will begin prescribing hormone replacement therapy. This practice dates back to the previous SOC guidance by WPATH (then known as the Harry Benjamin International Gender Dysphoria Association), which requires individuals to find a therapist or counselor to write a letter stating that HRT was deemed suitable and medically necessary. While mental health counseling is recommended for everyone, the required use of letters bars more transgender people than it helps – trans folks are often led to feel like they have to “perform” their transness to get a letter, adhering to common stereotypes that cisgender people have about trans people.

    Most mental health professionals qualify to write a letter, as long as they feel comfortable enough doing so – if they don’t feel comfortable and won’t agree to write a letter on your behalf, they’re likely not a good fit for you as a counselor anyway. After receiving your letter, you’ll take it to your HRT provider and soon be prescribed medication. The largest downside to the letter process is the wait times, since mental health care is already considerably less accessible than other medical fields on top of the fact that most counselors will require at least three to six months of regular visits before they will sign off on the letter. On the other end of the spectrum, the vast majority of insurance companies and programs will require a letter to cover HRT since they need it proven that the care is medically necessary enough to cover. Beyond hormone replacement therapy, other forms of gender-affirming care like surgery almost always require at least one letter (if not more) to have a gender confirmation surgeon see you or for insurance companies to pay for your care.


    Community Support

    For the majority of trans people, online support is the first step to finding support. Trans Lifeline’s Resource Library has a large selection of online support groups, ranging from general support to marginalized groups like people of color, disability, youth, etc.

    Nearly all online spaces and social media platforms have transgender-related spaces – like communities on Twitter and Tumblr, groups on Facebook, subreddits, and Discord servers. There are thousands of them, so it’d be impossible to create an exhaustive list – but here are a few major ones on each platform.

    Transgender forums have a LOT of history – before the creation of places like Reddit, independent forum websites were the predominant place where transgender people connected in the 1990s when they were unable to find people easily IRL. They were a modern extension of the underground journals and magazines like Transvestia, Drag, Transgender Tapestry, and FTM International. Even though social media platforms like Reddit and Facebook are the mainstream today, many of these forums still exist if you know where to look for them:

    There aren’t many large-scale support group organizations – most national LGBTQIA+ groups tend to lead toward activism, politics, and human rights. PFLAG remains the United States’ largest organization dedicated to supporting, educating, and advocating for LGBTQIA+ people and their loved ones and dates back to 1973. PFLAG has over 400 chapters across the country, each offering regular support through their national resources. Further, PFLAG also has regular virtual meetings and moderated community spaces.

    All major cities have an LGBTQIA+ community center of some nature – there are rural towns as small as 15,000 where I live with local queer groups. Urban settings have multiple community centers, queer bars, and other hangouts to find support – finding them is just a matter of searching online for local listings. Trans Resources is a directory of advocacy organizations, legal resources, support and social groups, and other resources – although the site isn’t comprehensive, it lists major organizations.

    Beyond support groups, transgender mentorship and letter programs exist to provide folks with an added layer of community. Point of Pride operates a letter program that sends written cards to transgender individuals in need of support, which can be sent to PO Box 7824, Newark DE 19714 where the letters will be received before being sent along. Similar programs exist like the Queer Trans Project (mailed to 3733 University Boulevard W, Suite 216, Jacksonville, Florida 32217), Black and Pink, and the Prisoner Correspondence Project – although the latter two focus on incarcerated LGBTQIA+ people rather than the general public. In contrast, mentorship programs pair individuals with an older or more experienced trans person to help answer questions while guiding you along your journey – some programs include the Sam & Devorah Foundation for Transgender Youth and the Trans Empowerment Project.


    Money Matters: Financial Resources

    Finances can be a genuine barrier to transgender people’s ability to live authentically as themselves. Without a stable income, it’s difficult to maintain housing or get gender-affirming clothes. Court and legal fees aren’t free – it costs money to update your identity documents to reflect who you are. And of course, you either have to have a healthcare insurance plan that covers counseling and medical bills or be forced to pay for them out-of-pocket.

    Resources for employment, housing, and clothes have to be sourced locally through mutual aid networks and community organizations – although this post has some basic resources for low-income individuals.

    Legal fees for identity documents can be waived if you qualify based on income. Point of Pride has a list of fee waivers by state, although you’ll want to double-check to ensure your waiver is the most up-to-date method. Most states will use your income itself or other connecting program to determine whether you are eligible – like whether you’re already on government assistance programs like SNAP or Medicaid.

    Point of Pride has a number of programs that provide free funding to transgender folks in need of gender-affirming care like surgery, HRT, electrolysis, chest binders, femme shapewear, and other needs like wigs, prosthetics, fertility preservation, vocal training, etc. They use factors like financial need and Medicaid/healthcare insurance coverage to disperse their funds to a limited number of individuals each year. Other national organizations with similar funds include Genderbands, TransMission, TUFF, Trans Lifeline, Queer Trans Project, Dem Bois, For the Gworls, Black Trans Fund, and the Jim Collins Foundation. Many regional organizations and LGBTQIA+ community centers offer similar funds for people local in their area.

    Relatedly, there’s also a growing amount of organizations providing funds to help transgender people move to safer locations to live or access gender-affirming care. Some of these programs include Elevated Access, Trans Justice, TRACTION, and the Trans Continental Pipeline.

    Beyond nonprofit and mutual aid funds, many transgender people fundraise to cover their transition costs – especially when their insurance refuses to cover surgery or if they have to unexpectedly move. The most commonly used platforms are GoFundMe, Donorbox, and Facebook – although all of these sites take a percentage of the money raised. GoFundMe is the largest crowdsource site, but it’s known to take the largest cut compared to alternatives. Non-personal organizations and nonprofits have a larger variety of sources out there, like Givebutter, while individuals can raise money without losing a percentage through direct money transfer apps like Cash App, Venmo, Paypal, and Zelle. Out of those options, Cash App is the most widely used underdog since they don’t require a bank account and utilize usernames on their customizable cards, and are easier to navigate with incomes revolving around sex work.

  • Allyship 101 & Resources

    Allyship 101 & Resources

    We all have to start somewhere – most people are born wanting to be kind and compassionate, but it takes work to undo the underlying negativity we’re taught. Here are some basic concepts to read about, regardless of where you are in your allyship and social justice journey. Or go directly to the end of the page to see resources.

    Glossary & Definitions

    Common terms that will be used in this post – and are thrown around in the social justice sphere. Not many people take the time to explain them, so here are the definitions as I will be using them.

    SOCIAL JUSTICE

    The belief that ALL people deserve equal economic, political, and social rights/opportunities. In an ideal world, everyone has an equal chance to be happy, healthy, and grow. However, both in current society and throughout history, there is social injustice: certain people get extra opportunities while others get less based on things outside of their control, like race, gender, class, ability, etc.

    The goal of social justice is to remedy injustice, often by helping those experiencing injustice or getting rid of the causes that create injustice.

    OPPRESSION VS. MARGINALIZATION

    Both oppression and marginalization are big words used interchangeably in the social justice sphere. Oppression refers to the unjust or cruel use of authority and/or power whereas marginalization is the unjust treatment of a person or group based on identity.

    The technical difference between the two is that oppression is carried out by the powerful (like governments) while marginalization can be done by anyone – including you and me. For more, continue reading and look for the “types of oppression” section of this article.

    ALLYSHIP & ALLIES

    Allyship is the practice of actively working to create social justice and end social injustice, even when particular injustices do not directly affect you. Allyship is active because it is not a fad that one does in their free time – it’s ongoing and often tiring, a commitment to calling out yourself and others when you purposely or unknowingly benefit from injustice.

    There are a lot of words that people will use to get this message across – advocates, supports, allies, and so forth. The general idea is that to practice social justice and be a compassionate human, you have to commit to the practice even when it is difficult. If allyship was easy, injustice would not exist. Allies are not perfect people who will never do wrong – they’re humans who generally aim to create a better society and are willing to work to make that society a reality.


    Identity Markers: Who am I?

    To understand social justice and marginalization, you have to understand identity markers. Identity markers are parts of your identity or self – these markers are most commonly used to discriminate and harm people, but they also create community. They range from aspects like race and ethnicity to everyday hobbies.

    Kimberlé Crenshaw’s theory of intersectionality is founded on the understanding of identity markers. Race, ethnicity, gender identity, sexuality, class, first language, religion, national origin, ability, age, and body size are just a FEW identity markers.

    Remember: everyone has identity markers. As an exercise, I invite you to take a moment and think about which identities matter the most to you, and which matter less. For example, everyone has a racial identity, but how important is race to you? It is more or less important than your identity related to sexuality, gender, religion, or even your hobbies? There are no right or wrong answers, but understanding identity markers is an integral starting point since the majority of people never critically think about their identities. Those identities shape how you see the world – like if you think the world is fundamentally fair or if it’s warped by greed and cruelty.


    The Five Fundamentals of Social Justice

    When teaching social justice, I always emphasize five fundamental principles: human rights, resources, equity, participation, and diversity. I’ll be going over all of them later, but note that all five of these fundamentals are equally important. There’s no single principle that is more important than the others. Pursuing social justice means you are actively pursuing all five of these principles – if you don’t, you’ll create injustice later on.

    The Five Fundamentals of Social Justice: Human Rights, Resources, Diversity, Equity, and Participation.

    Let’s Begin: Human Rights

    Human rights are basic fundamental rights that every single person is entitled to solely because they are a person – regardless of where they’re from, the color of their skin, sexual orientation, gender identity, wealth, past crimes, ability to speak English, or anything else.

    These are rights that do not need to be earned and cannot be lost – you were born entitled to these rights. Most of the world followed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), a document with 30 fundamental rights written in 1948 in response to WWII. It’s the most translated document in the world and available in over 500 different languages as well as a comic format and easy-to-understand simplified version. The UDHR isn’t comprehensive, but it outlines 30 basic principles that the majority of the world has agreed are integral to being human. Before it, the world didn’t have a consensus before the Holocaust that all people deserve a certain level of rights.

    It’s also worth mentioning that the UDHR is a document through the United Nations. The UN does have power, but that power isn’t absolute since it cannot physically force countries like Russia, North Korea, or Iran to stop committing human rights violations. Instead, they offer guidance – like whether certain countries should be assisted in times of need, if trade should be barred, and they keep detailed documentation and accountability on world powers.

    Making Change: Participation

    In social justice, participation refers to whether everyone has access to voice their opinions/concerns AND if they can create genuine change. There are places in the world where people are denied the right to vote or be in public forums and town halls, and there are other places where their votes are meaningless and don’t create actual policy reform.

    An example of the first type of participation injustice revolves around the United States territory of Puerto Rico, which is home to over three million people in the Caribbean. Like all US territories, Puerto Ricans cannot vote in presidential elections and have no federal representation in Congress – even though they’re considered United States citizens by birthright. Their tax dollars go towards federal legislation and projects, but they’ve been denied to become the 51st state despite voting in favor during referendums in 2024, 2020, 2017, and 2012. It has a similar vibe to the same reasons the United States originally went to war for its independence from the United Kingdom, but Puerto Rico’s residents are denied the ability to voice themselves.

    An example of the second type of participation injustice is federal legislation passed and vetoed here in the United States. For the majority of real democracies, bills have a greater chance to become law if a greater number of voters favor that bill – and vice versa for unfavorable bills the general public dislikes. However, all bills discussed in Congress have a 30% chance of becoming law – regardless of whether Americans love or hate that bill. The average American has “a miniscule, near-zero, statistically non-significant impact” on laws. Instead, bills become laws in Congress based on the favorability of the United States’ upper classes – which is why even though the average American supports more accessible or universal healthcare, abortion protection, and same-sex marriage, Congress refuses to support those interests. The American public doesn’t support the idea of a national ban on TikTok, but large corporations like Meta fuel bills in Washington D.C do.

    Stuff! Also known as… Resources.

    Resources are the things we need to have happy, healthy lives BUT can run out because they’re finite. In my opinion, the simplest definition of resources is “stuff.” In a just society, everyone has equal resources regardless of who they are: every person has clean water, healthy food options, healthcare, housing, etc. Many countries have welfare programs and policies to disperse resources and discourage hoarding – like universal healthcare, free childcare, minimum wage, higher education, pensions, and income supplements.

    In unjust societies, resources are hoarded and kept by a small number of people – often called the elite, upper class, or Top 10%. Those resources then become inaccessible to the general public, especially those in poverty. The two most common examples of resource injustice in the United States relate to housing and medicine – wealthy individuals and corporations purchase massive amounts of housing across the nation with the intent of renting out those properties or selling them at a higher price. The US doesn’t have a “housing shortage” because the houses don’t exist, the US has a shortage because houses are being hoarded by a small number of people intentionally raising prices as high as possible. On the other hand, medication can only be produced by licensed entities – and most medications in the United States are protected by corporation-owned patents. These companies have the power and authority to price medication at any price with the understanding that if a product is life-saving, then Americans will pay any price to not die.

    Infographic on the cost of insulin over the years in the United States, compared to other countries. Even though insulin only costs $2-4 to produce, it costed $275 in 2022 - while it costs under $30 in Japan, Australia, UK, Canada, and Germany.
    Even though insulin costs $2-4 to produce, the average vial cost $275 in 2022 in the United States – astronomically higher than anywhere else in the world. The primary manufacturer of insulin, Eli Lilly, only lowered prices in 2024 due to public pressure and government intervention through the Inflation Reduction Act.

    Equity, Not Equality

    Both equality and equity are important – but the difference can be hard to grasp. We want equality, but we have to use equity to get there. Over the centuries, some groups of people have had more access to resources and freedoms than others, so they have built up wealth (aka generational wealth). To get society back on track and create a socially just world, we have to implement short-term equity to bring those without wealth to the same standard as the wealthy.

    A real-world historical example of this is the wealth gap between Black and white families in the United States. As a general rule, white families have had over two hundred years to buy land, build businesses, and grow their families’ wealth – which has afforded them university degrees, political offices, and access to the stock market. I say general rule because this is a large generalization – there are millions of white Americans living in poverty, and not all white families can trace their roots to the birth of the US. On the other hand, Black families were not just kept in poverty but enslaved from birth until death – and the cycle continued with practices like predatory sharecropping that kept Black families in debt to their white landlords post-Civil War. In comparison, Black Americans have lacked the same opportunities to build their own generational wealth through buying land, creating businesses, going to university, etc.

    Equality is great when talking about rights – everyone deserves the same treatment. It’s also great when we talk about the ideal society, where everyone has the same opportunities. It’s not great when talking about resources since things are already unequal due to history. In short, equality is giving all people the same exact resources and freedoms regardless of need while equity distributes resources and services based on need and circumstance. Resources are finite, so we have to ensure things go to those who need them most.

    As an exercise, imagine Congress has approved a bill that aims to bring United States public schools technologically up-to-date with new Chromebooks for students to use while in class – since there’s only so much money approved by the bill, we have to decide the best way to divide up the funds and computers across the US. If we applied an equality-based outlook, every single public school in America would be given the same number of Chromebooks. The pro to this method is that it’s the fairest since it’s based on equality, but it’s not efficient at solving the problem: due to the American education system, there’s a LARGE gap in the quality and funding schools in rich suburban neighborhoods receive compared to schools in poor rural or urban neighborhoods. This method will give new computers to wealthy schools that already have resources and not enough computers to poor schools that are lacking. Yet, imagine if we went with an equitable approach and the Chromebooks were instead given to public schools based on need – wealthy schools would get significantly less due to their lack of need, while the gaps would be filled by supplying more computers to poorly funded schools. The equitable outlook has a greater positive effect and brings the education system closer to pursuing equality in the future by closing the gap.

    You can apply this mentality with a lot of things – it’s how welfare is operated throughout most of the world, including the United States. S.N.A.P. (food assistance or food stamps) aren’t given to every single American – that would cost way too much money than the system can handle currently – so instead, it’s given to Americans based on income-related need. Government healthcare and Medicaid, disability and social security, Pell Grants for higher education, housing assistance programs, tax credits, and cash assistance are all operated based on equitable need.

    Four panel comic showing three figures representing reality, equality, equity, and liberation as they try to watch a baseball game.
    Most people have seen the above image when beginning their journey in social justice and liberation. It takes the above theory and illustrates it nicely for viewers to interpret the difference between equality and equity. In the first panel, the reality of life is that some people hoard resources (the boxes or crates) while others are prevented by barriers (the fence). The second panel illustrates equality, where all three figures are given one crate to stand on to watch the match – but this only helps one of them, since the rightmost person is still barred. Through equity in the third panel, the crates are distributed based on need – so the tallest person stands on their own, while the shortest is given an additional crate, allowing all three of them to see the game. Finally, the fourth panel is the goal of social justice – to create a better world without injustice, where the barrier has been removed entirely.

    Diversity is good, actually.

    For a just society, we have to actively hear opinions from backgrounds different than our own. This includes different racial, religious, economic, sexual, and even political backgrounds. If a group of powerful people is lacking in diversity, you should ask why others are unable to participate.

    Echo chambers harm everyone, and we all benefit from listening to alternative perspectives. By adding diversity, you’re able to develop and defend your own ideas. Ideas that don’t have room to be challenged are always faulty beliefs. Accidents and public scandals happen when diversity isn’t present – like when Amazon served its staff watermelon and Kool-Aid for Juneteenth or when your local store puts Chinese New Year merchandise for sale in preparation for January 1st. When power is diversified, those scandals and errors are able to be corrected before they make large-scale impact. That being said, it’s easy to ignore diversity in favor of filling positions with just anyone – and due to the history of inequality, “just anyone” tends to be cisgender, straight, white, Christian, and able-bodied in the United States.

    It’s not a vacuum – social justice is connected!

    Next, think about the following statement: “In 2020, 86% of CEOs in America were white cisgender straight men.” Why?

    Let’s take the five principles of social justice and dissect this:

    • DIVERSITY. There is a lack of women, transgender people, queer people, and people of color in positions of power. Since most boards and high-level corporations are run by white cisgender straight men, they unconsciously make decisions that benefit people like them rather than others – like donating to organizations to end DEI or giving staff little maternity leave.
    • PARTICIPATION. As mentioned in the participation section, the wealthy have the largest effect on US laws – which includes CEOs. In comparison to the average American, CEOs get to participate in creating change more than anyone else – which influences the real laws that pass in Congress.
    • EQUITY. To be a CEO, you almost always have to have a high-level degree – which is something that other people don’t have equitable access to if they’re unlucky enough to be stuck in an underfunded school district without paths towards accessible higher education.
    • HUMAN RIGHTS. The wealthy don’t have to worry about access to basic things like healthcare, education, shelter, and food – the types of human rights that are not guaranteed in America, largely due to corporate lobbying. Rather than budget and worry about these needs, they can focus on higher education and career advancement.
    • RESOURCES. The university degrees and connections necessary to become a CEO require a lot of time and money – which white cisgender straight men have significantly more of on average than other groups. Time spent on studying and going to networking events doesn’t have to be spent on taking a second job to pay rent.
    [googleapps domain=”docs” dir=”forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdLuIRY4qvKBqj8Cuz2w9ktJ3MpmcWc4lxTG6FUE8RMZHWLEg/viewform” query=”embedded=true” width=”640″ height=”480″ /]

    Make Your Allyship Active

    The Allyship Iceberg: Drawing of iceberg, showing the difference between "performative allyship" versus "real allyship." Performative allyship is support only done when it's visible, whereas real allyship is when one works to change society even when no one is watching.
    Allyship is not easy – but it’s a baseline skill to become a better person and a good activist. Real allyship is consistent and shouldn’t matter if anyone is watching you or if you’ll get more followers for posting your solidarity. You’re an ally because you’re a good person and want a better world, even if it might lose you followers.

    Allyship requires the commitment to call injustice to attention – you have to want to change society to become better, especially when it’s inconvenient. Otherwise, your allyship is performative. The journey towards allyship is a lifelong practice accompanied by the decision to keep learning – even when you mess up. Good intentions are only valuable if they come with a willingness to accept mistakes and keep going. No one is a jerk for not knowing the latest politically correct term, especially if you’re committed to correcting yourself as needed.

    Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Unconscious Bias

    Believe it or not, stereotypes are generalized beliefs that try to keep us safe – we make broad assumptions based on previous experiences and information. Stereotypes are useful when we assume a brightly colored frog will probably be poisonous, that green bananas are not as sweet and tasty as non-green ones, or that a growling bear might maul us. And throughout evolution and history, stereotypes informed us that we should stick to people like ourselves since other groups within the Homo genus were less likely to take care of our needs and well-being.

    Stereotypes become negative and unhelpful when applied to modern humans – which is when they warp into prejudice. An English woman in the Middle Ages might have held the stereotype that French people were aggressive and dangerous, fueled by the information told to her through the countless wars between England and France – and that stereotype likely kept her family safe and away from war during her lifetime. Today, that stereotype is counterproductive in a time of intercultural dialogue and diplomacy over violence. Instead, stereotypes influence us to think worse of people based on identity markers – like being Black, Asian, Latine, Indigenous, queer, transgender, disabled, female, or poor.

    Unconscious bias is another term for implicit stereotypes, beliefs we fundamentally hold in our inner psyche despite knowing better. They’re ingrained from growing up in an unjust world, and we’re gradually taught these biases through our parents, extended family, friends, schools, religious mentors, coaches, bosses, colleagues, and communities. They’re unconscious because you rarely think about them and they’re as irrational and poorly formed as most of the unconscious self. It doesn’t even matter if you’re directly affected by a certain bias or stereotype – Black Americans commonly hold anti-Black unconscious biases, even if they’re counterproductive, and the same can be said for other marginalized groups.

    If you’re curious about learning more about your own unconscious biases, Project Implicit is an international collective through Harvard University that lets you test for a variety of biases for free – like homophobia, Islamophobia, ableism, racism, sexism, transphobia, ageism, etc.


    Three Types of Oppression: Oh My!

    Oppression, or the unjust use of power, manifests in at least one of three ways: institutionally, culturally, or individually. Like the five fundamentals of social justice, no singular type of oppression is superior – they feed into one another, and all three must be combated if you want your allyship to make real change.

    Graphic of the Three Types of Oppression, which show institutional, cultural, and individual feeding into one another.

    Individual Oppression

    If an -ism (ex. racism, ableism, heterosexism.) is on a one-on-one level, it’s likely individual oppression – this is the type of oppression and discrimination that anyone can do regardless of identity, privilege, or power. Individual oppression is defined as the personal feelings, assumptions, actions, and behaviors any one person has/does toward others.

    COMMON EXAMPLES OF INDIVIDUAL OPPRESSION:

    • Misgendering and/or deadnaming
    • Telling a sexist joke
    • Calling someone a slur or otherwise derogatory term
    • Crossing the street to avoid being near a person of color
    • Physically harming another person

    Real-World Example of Individual Oppression
    While walking home with their groceries, queer couple Destiny and Addison are holding hands in public. A furious man storms up to them, calls them d*kes, and shoves them to the ground before he’s pulled away by bystanders.

    The above example checks all the boxes for individual oppression – it’s a very localized example of one person acting out towards two other individuals based on his personal prejudices – and he doesn’t appear to have any remarkable power or authority.

    Institutional Oppression

    Also known as systemic oppression, institutional oppression is the type of cruelty most people envision when they discuss the injustices of the world. Institutional oppression is the laws, policies, and practices placed upon us by “institutions,” or groups, organizations, or people with immense power.

    “Groups, organizations, and people with immense power” is vague – but it purposely includes a lot of people. Institutional oppression is carried out by political figures like members of Congress and the Supreme Court, but also local school boards, lobbying groups, and corporations. On the world stage, institutional oppression is a president or high-level official making cruel decisions on a whim – but systemic oppression looks different on the local level. In our everyday lives and communities, institutional oppression often masks itself in bureaucracy and red tape – but it’s easier to spot once you start asking why such barriers exist.

    COMMON EXAMPLES OF INSTITUTIONAL OPPRESSION:

    • Laws prohibiting abortion or same-sex marriage
    • Businesses refusing to interview or hire Black names
    • Insurance companies requiring certain high-level diagnoses for hormone replacement therapy
    • Banks that refuse to give loans or mortgages to low-income households
    • Glass ceilings where minorities are barred from promotion

    Real-World Example of Institutional Oppression
    Corporation™ makes an official policy that all transgender staff must use the restroom as their sex assigned at birth rather than the one that matches their gender identity while working.

    This example could apply to a mega-business like Walmart or Amazon as well as a local store with only three employees – this is a classic example of institutional oppression because it’s a cruel policy being enforced by an entity with authority, such as a boss, business, board director, or corporation. Institutional oppression can be carried out by individual people, but it’s defined by the level of power someone has based on circumstance.

    Cultural Oppression

    Out of the three types of oppression, cultural oppression is the most difficult to grasp. It’s also referred to as structural oppression, and cultural oppression is the many -isms that influence our biases. Cultural oppression is the collection of beliefs from society about certain identities, such as people of color or LGBTQIA+ people. Most people are unable to directly contribute to cultural oppression – to do so, you have to have a good amount of power within public perception. Due to that, celebrities and the media have the most sway here – but it also includes religion and the stereotypes we hear from our families and communities growing up. Notice that cultural oppression tends to be in the middle compared to individual and institutional oppression: these figures have remarkably less power in creating laws, but they have power in influencing the way we think and feel.

    COMMON EXAMPLES OF CULTURAL OPPRESSION:

    • Gender roles that expect women to take family-centric roles and wear makeup
    • Stereotypes that argue white neighborhoods are inherently safer than Black neighborhoods
    • Movies that contain problematic themes, like blackface or vilify transgender people

    Real-World Example of Cultural Oppression
    The latest AAA video game makes record sales but contains anti-LGBTQIA+ themes where transgender people are shamed during a major quest line.

    Both the video game itself and those who wrote and created the game are at fault for cultural oppression in this example. Its developers refused to alter the game’s transphobic themes – and each player that encounters the game will learn anti-LGBTQIA+ stereotypes from it, especially if they lack media literacy or critical thinking.

    The Monster Known as Oppression

    The most daunting aspect of social justice and learning about oppression is understanding how these three types of oppression feed themselves – it’s a cycle that benefits those in power to cause more cruelty. Religion uses cultural oppression to teach individuals in the public to demonize LGBTQIA+ people, whereas politicians are taught to cast out queer and trans people through cruel laws. Those laws and stereotypes teach everyday people that LGBTQIA+ people deserve this cruelty and discourage them from taking action. Or that as society teaches that whiteness is better than Blackness through racist biases, a popular online artist creates content that features whitewashing. As that content gets likes and shares, it influences individuals with racist undertones – and those individuals make up the stereotypes society has about Blackness.

    “Every time a finger gets pointed at a person – whether they’re a Fortune 500 CEO or a high school student – we’re focusing on an -ist… Every campaign to “cancel” an -ist – whether successful or not – isn’t the same as addressing the system. It brings our attention away from the system and toward an individual within it.”

    – “-isms, not -ists,” by It’s Pronounced Metrosexual/Sam Killermann


    What is Privilege?

    Privilege is the result of society and institutions valuing certain bodies over others, giving them unearned advantages based on identity. Since privilege is based on identity, it’s entirely outside of your control – no one gets to choose being born Black, able-bodied, cisgender, or queer. By that logic, no one can be an inherently bad person because of privilege.

    Privilege is defined by “unearned advantages” – having a certain privilege does not mean you’ve never had to struggle. Most people have struggles in their lives, and everyone has at least one or two privileges and non-privilege. Instead, privilege is the fact you have not been weighed down by additional baggage tied to one identity. The purpose of allyship is to use privilege when appropriate to call out injustice – no one wants to make people feel bad for existing. Social justice exists to create equal opportunities for everyone, not enforce white guilt.

    “We highlight how systems inequitably distribute power to some while withholding it from others – based on who we are. We refer to people who are granted disproportionate power as ‘privileged,’ ‘majoritized,’ ‘centered,’ etc. And those from whom power is withheld as ‘oppressed,’ ‘minoritized,’ ‘marginalized,’ ect. Now, nobody is only one of those two. We’re both, depending on which situation we’re in, and what dimensions of ourselves are brought to the forefront.”

    – “The Social Justice Power Inverse,” It’s Pronounced Metrosexual/Sam Killermann

    Wheel of power and privilege, which shows identities based on factors like sexuality, body size, housing, citizenship status, and skin color on a spectrum of power.
    The graphic is a great visual to frame privilege since it places various identities on a spectrum of power. With every identity that exists in the world, there’s one that is valued as superior and one that is seen as inferior. Consider your fluency in English – as one of the most dominant languages in the world, being a native speaker gives you unearned advantages in the English-speaking world. Non-native English speakers have relative privilege – they had the opportunity to learn English, setting them above non-speakers but under native English speakers. Individuals who don’t speak fluent English are the most marginalized and have difficulty navigating an English-dominant world like the United States.

    Remember privilege is based on identity – someone might be marginalized because they’re Black, but privileged because they hold US citizenship by birth and identify as straight. There’s privilege based on disability, wealth, housing status, body size, sexual orientation, gender identity, language, citizenship, education level, race, ethnicity, religion, etc. If you’re still having difficulty understanding privilege, this comic does a great job illustrating it.


    The Theory of Intersectionality

    Make sure you thoroughly understand identity markers before tackling intersectionality – it’s easy to get lost. When people traditionally talk about oppression, they do so in vacuums – like -isms happen separately from one another and aren’t connected. Intersectionality is the belief that oppressions are all connected and people can have very different experiences based on how their personal identities intersect. The word “intersectionality” comes from the idea of a traffic intersection as a metaphor for oppression.

    Graphic illustrating the metaphor of intersectionality as a traffic intersection. Mark is impacted by racism as a Black man, but he benefits from sexism. Deborah is harmed by sexism but as a white woman, she benefits from racism. Michelle is a Black woman and therefore harmed by both racism and sexism.
    Our lives are shaped by our identities and relationships, which combine to create a very individual experience of the world, oppression, and privilege. Out of the 108 billion humans that have ever existed, there has likely never been a person exactly like you with the same combination. The following video is Kimberlé Crenshaw’s “The Urgency of Intersectionality,” which launched the theory of intersectionality out of academia and into the public consciousness.

    Crenshaw uses the experiences of Black women in America to explain intersectionality – Emma DeGraffenreid was a real Black woman who was denied employment solely because she was a Black woman, but without intersectionality, she had no way to defend that claim.

    DeGraffenreid attempted to work at General Motors, which did hire both Black and white workers – so DeGraffenreid wasn’t able to claim the discrimination was fueled only by racism. And General Motors hired women, so she wasn’t able to argue their decision was out of sexism. In reality, General Motors was using a combination of both racism and sexism simultaneously: the only Black workers hired by General Motors were men used for industrial and maintenance jobs, and the only women hired were white and worked secretarial and front-office jobs. It’s only when both of those facts are combined that you understand the lens of intersectionality – how the combination of one’s identities creates nuanced and individual experiences of oppression.

    This theory can be applied across all identity markers and oppressions. Visualize three people in your head: one queer but financially well-off man named James, one straight but poor man named Devon, and one queer and poor man named Julio. Using intersectionality to just evaluate their experiences across classism and heterosexism, you can see the different struggles James, Devon, and Julio have. Devon might be lower class, but he isn’t targeted for his sexual orientation; James might be gay but he has plenty of money and resources. At the intersection of classism and heterosexism, Julio is affected by both being queer and poor – he’s less likely to get jobs, be approved by welfare programs, or even be accepted into housing due to his sexuality and wealth status. He likely has a greater barrier to HIV prevention and treatment and he’s unable to file lawsuits if he’s treated poorly.

    Additionally, intersectionality also believes all oppressions are connected. Fascism doesn’t happen in a vacuum – there’s a reason why racists are almost always sexists and homophobes. Oppression exists to benefit those in power, whether it’s directly creating profit or simply maintaining the societal system that keeps people from rising up against them. The systems that spread sexism use the same formula as the systems that spread transphobia. Due to this, allyship and activism require us to be committed to combating ALL oppressions – not just the ones that directly impact you. It’s impossible to fully get rid of sexism if you align yourself with transphobia, especially since so much of the ideology underneath transphobia is inherently sexist. You won’t be able to eliminate racism from society without also coming to terms with queer rights and income inequality. At the end of the day, remember: Nazis want to get rid of everyone, it’s just a matter of when.


    Allyship Resources

    GENERAL ALLYSHIP
    Creative Equity Toolkit @ creativeequitytoolkit.org / Dozens of toolkits and self-guided lesson plans to teach yourself about allyship, equity, diversity, and inclusion – all provided for free through Diversity Arts Australia and The British Council.
    GLSEN @ glsen.org / LGBTQIA+ organization that centers on the rights of queer youth and GSAs (Gay-Straight or Gender-Sexuality Alliances) – one of their regular national events is Ally/Solidarity Week, which includes a ton of information aimed to teach others about social justice.
    Guide to Allyship @ guidetoallyship.com / A fantastic open-source starter that introduces you to many of the fundamentals of allyship, similar to this guide at the Trans Solidarity Project.
    Human Rights Campaign (HRC) @ hrc.org / One of the largest LGBTQIA+ organizations in the world, dating back to 1980. They constantly produce resources and info guides, which cover topics like general allyship to trans issues.
    It’s Pronounced Metrosexual @ itspronouncedmetrosexual.com / Free online resource hub meant to make all things social justice, gender, and sexuality-related easy to understand.
    Learning For Justice @ learningforjustice.org / Education space that works through the Southern Poverty Law Center to teach people through their online resources and pivot them towards building an inclusive, multiracial democracy for all of our futures.
    Movement Advancement Project @ lgbtmap.org / Nonprofit think tank that regularly creates infographics and resources on LGBTQIA+ rights and other social justice issues.
    Out & Equal @ outandequal.org / LGBTQIA+ organization that largely interacts with high-level businesses and corporations – that also creates toolkits, resources, and guides (most of which are free).
    PFLAG @ pflag.org / One of the United States’ biggest ally organizations, which provides support, educational material, and advocacy for both LGBTQIA+ people and those who love them.
    Social Justice Books @ socialjusticebooks.org / Literature resource that gives great recommendations for social justice and allyship-themed books.
    Straight for Equality @ straightforequality.org / A program operated by PFLAG that serves as a national outreach and education hub for anyone interested in learning more about LGBTQIA+ allyship.
    The Safe Zone Project @ thesafezoneproject.com / Another free online resource that includes introductory curricula, activities, and other resources for all. Co-written by the same author as It’s Pronounced Metrosexual.
    The Trevor Project @ thetrevorproject.org / A crisis and suicide prevention organization for LGBTQIA+ youth that also creates free guides and resources on allyship.

    BISEXUAL+ ALLYSHIP
    American Institute of Bisexuality @ bisexuality.org / Operates a wealth of programs meant to educate both the general public as well as civic and professional organizations on bisexuality.
    Bi Foundation @ bi.org / Private foundation through the American Institute of Bisexuality that promotes understanding of bisexual+ topics, offering a large selection of articles and resources to choose from.
    Bi History @ bihistory.wordpress.com /
    Just like the rest of the LGBTQIA+ community, bisexuality dates back as far back as humanity – and Bi History is a great place to start learning about queer history.
    Bi Resource Center @ biresource.org /
    Organization that seeks to connect the bisexual+ community around the globe, and also provides plenty of resources in their info section.
    Bisexual Organizing Project @ bisexualorganizingproject.org /
    Resources offered by BOP, a group committed to building organizing skills among the bi+ community.
    Bi Survivors Network @ bisurvivorsnetwork.org /
    Regular chats and support provided by bi+ survivors for bi+ survivors.
    History of Pansexuality @ historyofpansexuality.carrd.co /
    Facts and information to learn if you’re interested in the long history behind pansexuality.
    Human Rights Campaign (HRC) @ hrc.org /
    HRC also provides resources and information specific to the bi+ community via their website.
    Queer Majority @ queermajority.com / Worldwide magazine that produces information, guidance, and critique on queerness.
    Still Bisexual @ stillbi.org /
    Advocacy organization that uses education and storytelling to foster public acceptance of bisexual+ identities.
    Teen Vogue @ teenvogue.com /

    The Trevor Project @ thetrevorproject.org /
    In addition to general allyship guides, The Trevor Project also has information centered on bisexuality – which explains the details of queerness, bisexuality, pansexuality, and similar identities along the spectrum.
    Unicorn @ unicornzine.com /
    LGBTQIA+ magazine that focuses on bisexual+ stories and information.

    TRANSGENDER ALLYSHIP
    Advocates for Trans Equality @ transequality.org / Legal rights organization formerly known as the National Center for Transgender Equality and Transgender Legal Defense and Education Fund. Provides a variety of legal-based resources and information about trans identities.
    Human Rights Campaign (HRC) @ hrc.org /
    Additional resources and guidance by HRC about transgender allyship.
    It’s Pronounced Metrosexual @ itspronouncedmetrosexual.com /
    Free online resource hub, most of which covers gender-related allyship.
    Neopronouns @ neopronounss.carrd.co /
    General starting point for both common pronouns and less common neopronouns.
    PFLAG @ pflag.org /
    Educational materials, resources, and support on transgender and nonbinary issues through one of the largest allyship organizations in the United States.
    Pronouns @ pronouns.org /
    Practical resource on the basics of pronouns and how they’re used.
    Terrence Higgins Trust @ tht.org.uk /
    Health organization based in the United Kingdom that offers free sources and education on trans-related issues.
    The Proud Trust @ theproudtrust.org /
    LGBTQIA+ youth charity with free information for both adults and young people.
    The Trevor Project @ thetrevorproject.org /
    Resource hub on transgender identities, pronouns, and everything else related to supporting trans people.
    Trans Lifeline @ translifeline.org /
    Crisis hotline for transgender individuals that also provides trans-specific resources.
    Trans Student Educational Resources @ transstudent.org /
    Allyship and resource website with information on gender, pronouns, and basic trans allyship.
    Trans What? @ transwhat.org /
    Starter guide that explains the basics of trans identity to those completely new to the field.

    INTERSEX ALLYSHIP
    4Intersex @ 4intersex.org /
    Learn the basics of intersex allyship and human rights through #4Intersex, a project of interACT Advocates.
    A Gender Agenda @ genderrights.org.au /
    Australian organization that provides free resources online in addition to supporting intersex, transgender, and nonbinary individuals in Australia.
    Human Rights Campaign (HRC) @ hrc.org /
    Curated information and intersex resources by HRC, one of the largest LGBTQIA+ organizations in the world.
    interACT @ interactadvocates.org /
    Social justice group that empowers intersex youth through advocacy, public engagement, and community connection – interACT also offers a large selection of intersex resources and guides.
    Intersex Campaign for Equality @ intersexequality.com /
    Originally known as the United States branch of Organisation Intersex International, IC4E has grown to lead the fight for intersex human rights and creates educational materials for those interested in supporting intersex identities.
    Intersex Day Project @ intersexday.org /
    While the Intersex Day Project largely focuses on International Intersex Awareness Day and Intersex Day of Solidarity, IDP offers additional advice and references on intersex issues.
    Intersex Human Rights Australia @ ihra.org.au /
    National body in Australia that represents the needs of the intersex community, providing resources on allyship and bodily integrity.
    Intersex Initiative @ intersexinitiative.org /
    US-based organization that hosts a wide selection of basic intersex resources.
    Intersex Justice Project @ intersexjusticeproject.org / POC-led group that organizes resources for intersex-related protesting and justice.
    The Intersex Roadshow @ intersexroadshow.blogspot.com /
    Personal blog that details the real-life experiences of intersex writer Dr. Cary Gabriel Costello, offering advice and guidance on intersex allyship.

    ASEXUALITY ALLYSHIP
    Aromantic-Spectrum Union for Recognition, Education, and Advocacy @ aromanticism.org /
    Community and advocacy organization with a collection of resources about aromanticism.
    Asexuality Archive @ asexualityarchive.com /
    A collection of information and articles related to asexuality.
    Asexuality Visibility and Education Network @ asexuality.org /
    The world’s largest asexual community, which maintains a massive resource library on the asexuality spectrum.
    Demisexual Resource Center @ demisexuality.org /
    Informative website that covers demisexual questions and advice.
    Human Rights Campaign (HRC) @ hrc.org /
    HRC’s introductory to asexual allyship, as well as graysexuality and demisexuality.
    The Ace and Aro Advocacy Project @ taaap.org /
    Asexual and aromantic resource-based organization that provides asexuality individuals with support in every aspect of life.
    The Asexuality Handbook @ asexuality-handbook.com /
    Free guide that explains the basics of asexuality for beginners, meant to be understandable, deep, and well-referenced. Free guide that explains the basics of asexuality for beginners, meant to be understandable, deep, and well-referenced.

    QUEER PEOPLE OF COLOR ALLYSHIP
    African American Chronicles @ blackhistory.psu.edu /
    Collection of Black history and stories meant to fill the gaps in traditional education and allyship.
    Anti-Oppression Network @ theantioppressionnetwork.com /
    Online collection of resources to support grassroots allyship and activism for Indigenous Americans.
    Black Queer & Intersectional Collective @ bqic.net /
    Grassroots community organization that facilitates resources and zines for QTPOC allyship.
    Healthy Native Youth @ healthynativeyouth.org /
    Native-centered health and resources materials offered for free through their toolbox.
    Human Rights Campaign (HRC) @ hrc.org /
    Directory on several resource hubs through HRC about best practices on supporting communities of color.
    National Queer Asian Pacific Islander Alliance @ nqapia.org /
    LGBTQIA+ AAPI organization that works to develop resources to support and represent queer Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders.
    Native Appropriations @ nativeappropriations.com /
    Virtual forum that discusses Indigenous representations, stereotypes, cultural appropriations, news, and activism.
    Reclaiming Native Truth @ rnt.firstnations.org /
    National project to foster cultural, social, and policy change that empowers Native Americans.
    The Guide to Allyship @ guidetoallyship.com /
    A fantastic open-source starter that introduces you to many of the fundamentals of allyship, similar to this guide at the Trans Solidarity Project. Most of the topics listed within the guide are geared with Black allyship in mind.
    This is Indian Country @ thisisindiancountry.com /
    Movement organized by the American Indian College Fund to raise awareness about Indigenous lives and history.
    White Supremacy Culture @ whitesupremacyculture.info /
    Online and most current version of the original “White Supremacy Culture” from 1999, alongside resources and additional learning tools to continue your allyship.

  • HIV Resources

    HIV Resources

    More than one million people in the United States have HIV, and thousands will die from AIDS-related complications this year alone. Read on relevant hotlines and the resource directory here.

    HIV MYTHBUSTING

    Myth #1: Only gay men can get HIV.

    Although men who have sex with men have historically had higher infection rates, anyone can become infected with HIV – in fact, a growing number of new cases in the United States are heterosexual.

    Myth #2: I’d know if I had HIV.

    Most people with HIV don’t experience major symptoms, and you can’t tell someone has HIV just by the way they look. 1 in 7 people with HIV don’t even know – which is why it’s important to get tested regularly, especially if you engage with higher risk behaviors like being sexually active or using injectable drugs.

    Myth #3: HIV will kill you.

    As long as you take your prescribed medication, people with HIV can (and do) live long, healthy lives just like everyone else. HIV only becomes deadly when left undiagnosed and/or untreated.

    Myth #4: It’s OK to have unprotected sex if both partners have HIV.

    Unprotected sex is still risky, even if all partners involved have HIV. This is because you can still get other STDs like chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis – and even other strains of HIV.

    Myth #5: Birth control prevents HIV.

    Condoms and medications like PEP and PrEP are the only way to prevent HIV – birth control methods like the pill, IUDs, and implants do NOT prevent HIV or other STDs.

    Myth #6: PrEP, PEP, and other medications are too expensive for me.

    Many US states and Canadian provinces cover PEP and PrEP for free or have assistance programs to make them free/affordable. Check your region’s laws for detailed information or visit PrEPMAP.


    What’s the difference between HIV and AIDS?

    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is the final and most severe stage of HIV if unmanaged, which occurs when the body’s immune system is badly damaged because of the virus. In the United States, most people with HIV do NOT develop AIDS because taking HIV medicine as prescribed stops the progression of the disease.


    How is HIV transmitted?

    You can only get HIV by coming into contact with certain bodily fluids from a person with HIV who has a detectable viral load. These fluids are blood, semen (also known as cum), pre-seminal fluid (pre-cum), rectal fluids, vaginal fluids, and breast milk.

    “Viral load” refers to the amount of HIV someone has, essentially. A detectable viral load means they have more than 200 copies of the human immunodeficiency virus per milliliter of blood, which means they will show up on an HIV test and can transmit HIV to others.

    In contrast, an undetectable viral load is when someone has fewer than 200 copies per milliliter – and people with an undetectable viral load have a “zero risk,” “effectively no risk,” or “one percent or less” chance of transmitting HIV to other people even without regular precautions like condoms, PEP, or PrEP. You achieve an undetectable viral load by taking your prescribed antiretroviral therapy medication regularly.

    HIV can not be spread by kisses, hugs, or sharing food. Some behaviors that put you at a higher risk of getting HIV include anal and vaginal sex and sharing needles, while things like kissing and oral sex have a statistically nonsignificant chance of transmitting the virus.

    The only way HIV is transmitted from open-mouth kissing or biting is if both partners have broken skin since HIV is a bloodborne pathogen – which is why it’s extremely rare and considered little/no risk by the CDC. Lastly, while having other STD/STIs or alcohol/drug use doesn’t necessarily increase the risk of getting HIV, they’re risky behaviors that generally correlate with increased HIV transmission.

    via US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Use the HIV Risk Reduction Tool to learn about your risk for HIV based on behaviors and practices.

    Can I prevent HIV?

    Yes! There are more tools than ever to prevent HIV. By learning methods to prevent HIV transmission, you’re taking the first step to helping end the HIV epidemic. Some methods to prevent HIV transmission include taking PEP (post-exposure prophylaxis) or PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis), limiting needle and drug equipment sharing, getting regularly tested, etc. For US readers, visit HIV.gov for official HIV-related care and prevention providers.

    Post-exposure prophylaxis, aka PEP, is an anti-HIV drug that is started within 72 hours after possible exposure to HIV. It’s used in emergencies, like having a condom break during sex or sexual assault. PEP is taken for 28 days, and followed up with additional testing and labs for 3 months – and it’s more effective the sooner it’s taken after possible infection. In comparison to PrEP, PEP is like a “Plan B” for HIV meant for emergencies.

    Pre-exposure prophylaxis, or PrEP, is an anti-HIV prevention drug that becomes effective after seven days of use. Unlike PEP, PrEP is best for individuals who have regular HIV risk, like people who have casual hookups, share needles, or don’t consistently use condoms. When taken correctly, PrEP reduces the risk of getting HIV from sex by 99% and reduces the risk of getting HIV from sharing needles by 74%. As a metaphor, PrEP is similar to birth control and prevents HIV long-term like how the birth control pill prevents pregnancy. US readers can use the PrEP Locator to find PrEP providers nationwide, and NASTAD has information about whether non-providers (like pharmacies) can prescribe PrEP based on state or territory.


    Who is at risk for HIV?

    Anyone can get HIV since HIV can affect anyone regardless of sexual orientation, gender, race, ethnicity, age, or where they live. However, certain groups of people in the United States are more likely to get HIV than others because of particular factors.

    According to the CDC…

    • The majority of new HIV diagnoses occur in the US South, in comparison to other regions like the Midwest, Northeast, West, etc. Nearly half of all new cases in the United States come from the South, while the Midwest and Northeast have the lowest rate of new diagnoses.
    • Men who have sex with men (MSM, queer men, bi+ men, and so on) account for 67% of new cases. 22% of cases happen from straight or heterosexual sex today.
    • 7% of new HIV diagnoses come from people who inject drugs and share needles.
    • HIV disproportionately affects communities of color, too – 37% of new diagnoses are Black and 33% are Latine.
    • Most new HIV cases come from people between the ages of 25 to 34, and the second highest age group was those 24 and under – who made up 20% of new diagnoses in 2022.

    How can I tell if I have HIV?

    The only way to know for sure that you have HIV is to get tested. Despite what some may think, you can’t “tell” if someone has HIV just by looking at them and most people with HIV don’t experience major symptoms. 1 in 7 people with HIV don’t even know they have it – which is why testing is so important. While it may be scary to get tested for HIV, HIV is not a death sentence – people living with HIV can have long, healthy lives just like people without HIV as long as they get connected with the tools and medications needed to keep their HIV managed. For US readers, visit HIV.gov for official HIV-related care and prevention providers.

    The history of HIV/AIDS, via UNAIDS 2021.

    How do I get tested for HIV?

    Getting tested for HIV is just as important as getting a regular check-up – people can only start HIV treatment if they know they are living with the virus. The earlier someone is properly diagnosed with HIV, the earlier they can begin life-saving treatment to manage their HIV. People can (and do) live long and healthy lives with early HIV detection.

    Remember: the only way to know for sure that you have HIV is to get tested. A substantial amount of people with HIV report having no symptoms – especially since the majority of symptoms early on in HIV infection are similar to the common flu. The CDC recommends everyone should be tested for HIV at least once in their lives, while individuals with additional risk factors (ex. queer or bi+ men, sex workers, people who share needles) should get tested at least once a year. Most people aren’t recommended to get tested every three to six months unless they’re at extreme risk for HIV. Getting tested is important in ending the spread of HIV, keeping people living with HIV safe and healthy, and protecting those you love from contracting HIV.

    There are three types of HIV tests, which use either blood, oral fluid/saliva, or urine. HIV tests look for antibodies and antigens that your body will only produce if you have the human immunodeficiency virus – but it takes time for bodies to begin developing the antibodies and antigens after being infected, which is why there’s a window period between contracting HIV and when it’ll show up on tests. Some tests have smaller windows than others. The three types of HIV tests are…

    • ANTIBODY TESTS, which only check for HIV antibodies in your blood or oral/saliva sample. The majority of rapid HIV tests are antibody tests, as well as the only version of HIV self-tests approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. As a general rule, antibody tests that use blood from a vein have a smaller detection window than those that use saliva or blood from a finger stick.
    • ANTIGEN/ANTIBODY TESTS, which looks for both HIV antibodies and antigens in the blood. Antigens are a protein of the virus and show up much faster than antibodies, and antigen/antibody tests are the most common type of HIV test done in US labs.
    • NUCLEIC ACID TESTS, also known as NATs or viral load tests, detect the amount of HIV present in someone’s blood – which is useful for monitoring the virus. NATs can detect HIV as soon as 10 to 33 days after infection, but they’re more expensive than antibody tests or antigen/antibody tests – so they’re used for monitoring HIV treatment more than they’re used for general testing and screening.

    HIV tests are widely available, and it’s your choice whether you’d prefer to go directly to your normal doctor or healthcare provider – or if you’d rather get tested at a hospital, medical clinic, substance use program, or community health center. Visit gettested.cdc.gov to find an HIV testing site near you. And if going IRL isn’t your style, there are also approved HIV tests you can do on your own at home or mail-in. Rapid self-tests give your full results in roughly 20 minutes, while mail-in self-tests are later mailed to a healthcare provider for greater accuracy. Together TakeMeHome is a program under the CDC to provide free rapid self-tests to anyone at least 17 years old in the United States.

    WHAT HAPPENS IF I TEST POSITIVE?
    Your at-home or rapid self-test is positive if you have two complete lines – one next to the “C” and another (even a faint line) next to the “T.” The presence of two lines means you may have HIV, and there are a lot of next steps – but first, take a deep breath and remember: you are not alone; medical treatments are available to help people live long, healthy lives; and having HIV does not mean that you have or will get AIDS. Learning that you may have HIV can be distressing, which is why OraQuick has a toll-free support line at 866-436-6527.

    A clinic or healthcare provider will have to confirm your results, so you should visit a healthcare professional as soon as possible. If your results are confirmed, you’ll be give resources and information about HIV medication, treatment, and management, as well as counseling, case management, and connections to HIV support organizations and tools. Healthcare workers are duty-bound to keep all your medical information confidential unless you give them explicit permission to share it – so no one (including your family or workplace) needs to know about your test or your test results.

    WHAT HAPPENS IF I TEST NEGATIVE?
    Your at-home or rapid self-test is negative if you have one complete line – right next to the “C.” To be negative, there should be no line (however faint) next to the “T.” If your result is negative and it’s been at least three months since your possible HIV exposure, you likely do not have HIV. Continue to maintain healthy and safe sexual habits like condoms and PrEP, and get tested as needed.

    Remember that a negative at-home or self-test does not mean that you are not infected with HIV. Due to the window of time that it takes for HIV tests to detect HIV via antibodies and antigens, it’s possible to get a false negative HIV test.


    What are my rights regarding HIV?

    Rights for individuals living with HIV vary drastically depending on where you live in the world. Due to stigma, people with HIV are discriminated against at work, at home, and at the doctor’s office – knowing your rights is the first step in defending them.

    In the United States, all individuals with HIV are protected by the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, which is enforced by the Department of Health and Human Services and the Office for Civil Rights. These laws prohibit any anti-HIV discrimination by healthcare and human services agencies that receive federal funding, as well as any discrimination by state or local governments – including services, activities, or programs provided by state or local governments. Anyone can file a report with the Office for Civil Rights online or by mail.

    While many US states and territories require you to disclose your HIV status, you’re only required to disclose it to certain people. At the time of this article, thirteen states require you to disclose your status to potential sexual partners, while four require disclosure to anyone you share a needle with. Depending on the state, failure to disclose status can lead to life in prison. You do not have to disclose to anyone else – including your family or friends. While most American employers have the right to ask about your health in certain fields, you don’t have to disclose to your workplace in most cases. The Americans with Disabilities Act protects you from anti-HIV discrimination – which means hiring managers can’t ask you about your health and companies have to make reasonable adjustments as needed.

    The Fair Housing Act makes anti-HIV discrimination in US renting and housing entirely illegal. No one can be legally denied housing, harassed, or evicted due to HIV status.

    Also at the time of this article, people living with HIV cannot be denied healthcare in the United States. Healthcare insurance must cover pre-existing conditions like HIV and cannot cancel your policy because of a new diagnosis. The Affordable Care Act (also known as Obamacare) prohibits such discrimination within healthcare, and HIV medications, lab tests, and counseling have to be covered.


    HIV-Related Care Hotlines

    GLOBAL
    🇺🇳 AIDS Healthcare Foundation @ aidshealth.org / 323-860-5200 / International nonprofit based in Los Angeles that operates a network of HIV services in over 40 countries across Latin America, Africa, Asia, and Europe.
    🇺🇳 International Planned Parenthood Federation @ ippf.org / 202-987-9364 / Global healthcare provider that has been a leader in sexual and reproductive health for all since 1952.
    🇺🇳 UNAIDS @ unaids.org / 41-22-595-59-92 / International agency that seeks to end AIDS as a public health threat by 2030 and has operated since 1996 to assist the United Nations in combating HIV and AIDS.

    NORTH AMERICA
    🇨🇦 Canadian AIDS Treatment Information Exchange @ catie.ca / 416-203-7122 / The primary national information and resource center on HIV, Hepatitis C, and substance misuse in Canada.
    🇺🇸 CDC-INFO @ cdc.gov / 800-232-4626 / Live support to help Americans find the latest and reliable science-based health information, including CDC guidance and resources.
    🇨🇦 HIV and Sexual Health Infoline Canada @ sexualhealthontario.ca / 800-668-2437 / Free anonymous telephone and instant message service available in English and French on sexual health topics. Advice and counseling can be available for any Canadian resident, although services are specified for Ontario.
    🇺🇸 HIV/AIDS/Hepatitis C Nightline / 800-273-2437 / US hotline providing support for people living with HIV or Hepatitis C as well as their caregivers.
    🇺🇸 HIV Management Warmline / 800-933-3413 / Non-emergency telephone service for questions about HIV, antiretroviral therapy, HIV clinical trials, and laboratory evaluation in the United States.
    🇺🇸 LGBT National Help Center @ lgbthotline.org / 888-843-4564 / Free and confidential peer-support, information, and local resources where volunteers help connect you to other groups and services in the US. Also maintains a coming out hotline, youth talkline, and senior hotline.
    🇺🇸 National AIDS Hotline / 800-243-2437 / Federal hotline to refer the general American public to relevant state and local resources.
    🇺🇸 National AIDS Treatment Advocacy Project @ natap.org / 212-219-0106 / Nonprofit corporations in the United States that educates individuals on HIV treatments on the local, national, and international level.
    🇺🇸 National Clinician Consultation Center @ nccc.ucsf.edu / 833-622-2463 / Teleconsultation resource that educates US healthcare providers with information and answers on HIV and Hepatitis C.
    🇺🇸 NIH Office of AIDS Research @ hivinfo.nih.gov / 800-448-0440 / Confidential answers to questions on HIV/AIDS clinical trials and treatment in the United States.
    🇺🇸 PEPline / 888-448-4911 / Hotline for individuals interested in information about PEP, especially those who have been possibly exposed to HIV while on the job in the United States.
    🇺🇸 Perinatal HIV Hotline / 888-448-8765 / Resource hotline available 24/7 in the United States for pregnant people living with HIV to find answers and tools.
    🇺🇸 PrEPline / 855-448-7737 / Hotline about how to start, continue, or manage use of PrEP for HIV within the US.
    🇺🇸 SAGE x HearMe @ sageusa.org / The United States’ largest and oldest organization dedicated to improving the lives of LGBTQIA+ older people. SAGE now offers supportive services and resources through the SAGE x HearMe app, formerly known as the SAGE LGBTQ Elder Hotline.
    🇺🇸 The Trevor Project @ thetrevorproject.org / 866-488-7386 / The leading suicide prevention and crisis intervention organization centered on LGBTQIA+ young people in the United States. Offers 24/7/365 information and support to those ages 13 to 24 with trained counselors via call, text, or instant message.
    🇺🇳 Trans Lifeline @ translifeline.org / 877-565-8860 / Transgender-centered crisis organization that does not use involuntary intervention/forced hospitalization to provide support to transgender people through fully anonymous and confidential calls within the United States and Canada.

    LATIN AMERICA
    🇯🇲 National HIV/STI Helpline @ hstu.moh.gov.jm / 876-536-9141 / Program under the Ministry of Health and government of Jamaica to implement and support HIV/AIDS response in the nation.

    EUROPE
    🇩🇪 AIDS-Hilfe Helpline @ aidshilfe.de / 0180-33-19411 / Telephone counseling provided via the telephone that answer provides information in Germany on HIV/AIDS.
    🇷🇺 HIV Hotline @ стопвичспид.рф / 8-800-555-49-43 / Hotline operated in conjunction with Russia’s STOP HIV/AIDS campaign to answer questions about HIV.
    🇫🇷 Sida Info Service @ sida-info-service.org / 0-800-840-800 / Free confidential telephone service for anyone in mainland France or in affiliated overseas departments to get information regarding HIV. Callers from outside France should dial 00-31-1-41-83-42-77.
    🇬🇧 Terrence Higgins Trust @ tht.org.uk / 0808-802-1221 / Telephone and live chat service for individuals residing in the United Kingdom seeking support and information about HIV.

    ASIA
    🇭🇰 AIDS Hotline / 852-2780-2211 / Counseling staffed by trained nurses for information about HIV and testing in Hong Kong.
    🇮🇱 AIDS Task Force @ aidsisrael.org.il / 03-5619900 / Telephone and WhatsApp service for individuals in Israel seeking support and resources about HIV and AIDS.
    🇭🇰 Gay Men HIV Testing Hotline / 852-21171069 / Free anonymous and confidential HIV testing service provided in Hong Kong by appointment and telephone.
    🇷🇺 HIV Hotline @ стопвичспид.рф / 8-800-555-49-43 / Hotline operated in conjunction with Russia’s STOP HIV/AIDS campaign to answer questions about HIV.
    🇮🇳 National AIDS Control Organization Helpline @ naco.gov.in / 1097 / National Indian helpline that provides counseling and awareness on HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, and education.
    🇵🇭 National HIV and AIDS Hotline @ pnac.doh.gov.ph / 02-8651-7800 / National telephone support line for HIV and AIDS information in the Philippines, provided by the Department of Health and Philippine National AIDS Council.
    🇹🇷 Positive Living Association @ pozitifyasam.org / 0216-418-10-61 / Support line in Türkiye to make up-to-date information about HIV accessible and connect people with relevant testing and prevention services.

    AFRICA
    🇳🇬 AIDS Helpline / 234-01-772-2200 / Toll-free hotline system for accurate and up-to-date information about HIV/AIDS in Nigeria.
    🇺🇬 AIDS Information Centre @ aicug.org / 256-39-3101893 / Healthcare network that leads HIV/AIDS treatment, prevention, and counseling throughout Uganda.
    🇿🇦 National AIDS Helpline @ lifelinesa.co.za / 0800-012-322 / Emotional support counseling for HIV/AIDS in South Africa.
    🇰🇪 National HIV and AIDS Helpline @ nhcsc.nascop.org / 0726-460-000 / Hotline operated by the National HIV Clinical Support Center to advise individuals in Kenya about HIV/AIDS.

    OCEANIA
    🇳🇿 Burnett Foundation @ burnettfoundation.org.nz / Free and confidential counseling for people living or affected by HIV in New Zealand, available by appointment.
    🇦🇺 National HIV/AIDS Information Line / 1800-451-624 / Advice line that connects individuals to qualified sexual health nurses in Australia for confidential information about HIV, operated by the Sexual Health Info Link.


    HIV & AIDS Resources

    GLOBAL
    🇺🇳 Global Network of People Living with HIV @ gnpplus.net / Network operated by people living with HIV for people living with HIV, regardless of geographic location.
    🇺🇳 International AIDS Society @ iasociety.org / Research-based organization that develops holistic approaches to HIV/AIDS treatment and prevention.
    🇺🇳 International Planned Parenthood Federation @ ippf.org / Global healthcare provider that has been a leader in sexual and reproductive health for all since 1952.
    🇺🇳 The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria @ theglobalfund.org / Worldwide partnership to combat HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria and create healthy, safe, and equitable communities.
    🇺🇳 UNAIDS @ unaids.org / International agency that seeks to end AIDS as a public health threat by 2030 and has operated since 1996 to assist the United Nations in combating HIV and AIDS.

    NORTH AMERICA
    🇺🇸 AIDS Drug Assistance Program@ adap.directory / Patient-centric project that provides HIV-related services and prescription medication to hundreds of thousands of people in the United States by linking individuals with their local state or territory agency.
    🇺🇸 Asian Pacific AIDS Intervention Team @ apaitssg.org / Grassroots AIDS service organization centered on Asian and Pacific Islanders with HIV, based in the United States.
    🇺🇸 Bienestar Human Services @ bienestar.org / US community-based social services organization that caters to Latino Americans living with HIV, especially LGBTQIA+ Latino Americans.
    🇺🇸 Black AIDS Institute @ blackaids.org / Think tank that aims to end the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the Black American community through awareness messaging, information, and robust programs.
    🇨🇦 Canadian Aboriginal AIDS Network @ caan.ca / Agency in Canada that provides resources and tools to Indigenous and Aboriginal Canadians.
    🇨🇦 Canadian AIDS Society @ cdnaids.ca / Grassroots network that leads community-based HIV/AIDS resources in Canada.
    🇨🇦 Canadian AIDS Treatment Information Exchange @ catie.ca / The primary national information and resource center on HIV, Hepatitis C, and substance misuse in Canada.
    🇨🇦 Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network @ hivlegalnetwork.ca / Network that promotes the human rights of people living with HIV/AIDS across Canada, which includes legal representation and legislation advisement.
    🇺🇸 HIV. GOV @ hiv.gov / Offers information about HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, and resources for anyone in the United States.
    🇺🇸 HIV.GOV Service Locator @ locator.hiv.gov / Location-based search tool managed by the United States Department of Health and Human Services to allow anyone to find local HIV testing services, housing providers, health centers, PrEP, PEP, and other related needs.
    🇺🇸 Latino Commission on AIDS @ latinoaids.org / Nonprofit organization in response to the critical unmet need for HIV prevention, treatment, and education in the Latino community in the United States.
    🇺🇸 National Minority AIDS Council @ nmac.org / Advocacy nonprofit that provides training and resources catered to marginalized communities in the United States.
    🇺🇸 National Native HIV Network @ nnhn.org / Indigenous-led network that mobilizes American Indians, Indigenous Americans, Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians towards community action.
    🇺🇸 Positively Trans @ transgenderlawcenter.org / Program through the Transgender Law Center to support transgender people living with HIV in the United States.
    🇺🇸 Positive Women’s Network @ pwn-usa.org / Advocacy and resource organization for women living with HIV.
    🇺🇸 Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program @ ryanwhite.hrsa.gov / National services and resources for low-income individuals living with HIV in the US.
    🇺🇸 TheBody.com Hotline @ thebody.com / News site based in New York that centers on publishing HIV-related information.
    🇺🇸 The Well Project @ thewellproject.org / United States nonprofit that primarily supports women and girls living with HIV/AIDS.

    LATIN AMERICA
    🇺🇳 RedLA+ @ redlactrans.org / Network of organizations that focus on transgender people throughout Latin America, especially those who are living with HIV.

    EUROPE
    🇺🇳 AIDS Action Europe @ aidsactioneurope.org / Regional network of over 370 NGOs, national networks, and community-based groups to support legislation related to HIV/AIDS in 47 different countries.
    🇺🇳 European AIDS Treatment Group @ eatg.org / Advocacy and research organization that responds to and develops HIV/AIDS-related initiatives.
    🇬🇧 National AIDS Trust @ nat.org.uk / The primary HIV rights charity in the United Kingdom.

    ASIA
    🇺🇳 Asia Pacific Network of People Living with HIV @ apnplus.org / Peer-led organization that improves the quality of life for people living with HIV/AIDS in the Asia Pacific region.
    🇮🇳 India HIV/AIDS Alliance @ allianceindia.org / Non-governmental organization that partners with various civic society, government, and community groups to support HIV prevention and treatment programs.
    🇺🇳 Middle East and North Africa Harm Reduction Association @ menahra.org / Network of HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment organizations in 20 different countries across the Middle East and Northern Africa.
    🇹🇭 MPlus Foundation @ mplusthailand.com / Community-based sexual health and rights organization based in Thailand that works to end HIV discrimination and transmission.
    🇹🇭 Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre @ trcarc.org / Research organization and health clinic that serves individuals with HIV/AIDS in Thailand.

    AFRICA
    🇺🇳 African Network for the Care of Children Affected by HIV/AIDS @ anecca.org / Reproductive health organization that serves people living in Uganda, Burundi, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Malawi, Tanzania, and South Sudan.
    🇿🇦 Desmond Tutu HIV Foundation @ desmondtutuhivfoundation.org.za / Health organization that partners with various international research groups to develop community programs in South Africa.
    🇺🇳 Middle East and North Africa Harm Reduction Association @ menahra.org / Network of HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment organizations in 20 different countries across the Middle East and Northern Africa.
    🇿🇦 Treatment Action Campaign @ tac.org.za / Civic society organization based in South Africa that leads campaigns centered on improved healthcare for people living with HIV/AIDS.

    OCEANIA
    🇺🇳 Australian Federation of AIDS Organizations @ healthequitymatters.org.au / Federation of HIV and LGBTQIA+ organizations in Australia and Oceania that provides policy expertise and resource support.
    🇳🇿 Burnett Foundation @ burnettfoundation.org.nz / Formerly known as the New Zealand AIDS Foundation, the Burnett Foundation Aotearoa is a community-led response organization that tackles HIV throughout New Zealand.
    🇺🇳 Pacific Sexual and Gender Diversity Network @ psgdn.org / Collective between the countries of Fiji, Samoa, and Tonga to advocate for the needs of people living with HIV, especially LGBTQIA+ people.